Download Heartnotes2017 - Lindbergh School District

The
Heart
Blood Test Results 03.03.2017
In what ways does
the heart function to
maintain
homeostasis in your
body?
Functions of the heart
 Blood
pressure
 Routing blood
 One-way blood
flow
 Regulate blood
supply
superior
vena cava
aortic
arch
right
atrium
Coronary Arteries (away) and Veins (to atria)
nourish the heart itself, since it is lined inside
and acts mainly as a pump.
- CA feeds the heart.
- CV takes old blood from myocardium.
Heart - located
within the
thoracic cavity
in the area
between the
pleural
membranes
(lungs) called
the
mediastinum.
Aorta
Superior
vena cava
Right Atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Inferior vena
cava
Right
Pulmonary
artery
Left pulmonary
artery
Left
pulmonary
veins
Bicuspid AV
valve
Left Ventricle
Interventricular
septum
Rt. pulmonary
artery
Rt.
Pulmonary
veins
Interventricular septum
Descending aorta
Semi-lunar
valves
Biscuspid valve is also
called a “Mitral valve” as it
resembles a bishop’s mitre.
Heart
with
pacemaker
in
cadaver
.
Superior
vena cava
Right
Atrium
Inferior
vena cava
Tricuspid
valve
Right
Ventricle
Pulmonary
trunk
Pulmonary
semilunar
valve
Pulmonary
veins
Left
atrium
Bicuspid
(mitral)
valve
Left
ventricle
Aorta
Aortic
(semilunar)
valve
D.Pulmonary
Superior
Vena Cava -A
Artery
D
Right
Atrium - - - B
Inferior
Vena Cava -
C
G
E - Left Artium
F - Left
Ventricle
Aortic Arch
A.
(Aorta) ----->
Tricuspid
valve ---B.
D. Pulmo
nary
--D<-Veins
.
E.<-Bicuspid
Right Ventricle
C.
valve
Know
the path
of blood
through
each
part of
the
heart.
Blood flow through the heart
Blood to lower body through
the diaphragm:
Descending Aorta – blood to body
Inferior Vena Cava – blood to
heart
ESOPHAGUS
is only other
tube through
diaphragm.
Slightly larger than your fist.
Chordae
tendinae
keep AV
valves from
prolapsing
.
Tricuspid valve and chordae tendinae
in action
Blood path through the “plumbing.”
Heart
Veins
Arteries
Venules
Arterioles
Capillaries
Insert: Smart Art
C’mon Spring Break!!!
Click on the
picture at right
to see more
animations of
the heart to
better
understand
heart sounds
and how the
heart operates.
Murmurs:
Abnormal heart sounds due to
faulty, leaky valves. –
“lubbswish” Blood leaking back
through the valve.
Stenosis: Abnormal heart sound due to
STIFF valves. 1st - “swishlubb” Valve is
slower to close at the onset.
http://www.hhmi.org/bioint
eractive/cardiology-virtuallab Computer interactive lab
Pericardium
(epicardium)
is the serous
membrane
surrounding
the heart.
Myocardium is the musclular (myo
– muscle) portion of the heart.
Endocardium – simple squamous
epithelial lining of the heart.
Endocarditis - Inflammation of the endocardium,
affecting heart valves mainly. May
lead to scarring and stenoses.
A narrowing of a valve due
Stenosed
heart valve - to scarring or damage,
causing a “swishing” sound
prior to closure of the
stenosed valve.
Tachycardia FAST heart rate (>100 BPM)
Toxins, fever, or other
nervous stimulants.
Bradycardia SLOW heart rate (<60 BPM)
Athlete’s, poor SA node
function, nerve disorder.
Atrial fibrillation: Disorder in about
2.2 million Americans. During atrial
fibrillation, the atria quiver instead of
beating effectively. Blood isn't pumped
completely out, so it may pool and clot.
If a blood clot leaves the atria and
lodges in an artery in the brain
(thrombosis), a stroke results.
~15 percent of strokes occur in people
with atrial fibrillation
Angina pectoris is recurring chest pain
caused by decreased blood supply to the heart.
- Common symptom of coronary artery disease.
(Accumulation of plaque on the inner walls of the
coronary artery restricting blood flow to the heart.)
Myocardial infarction - commonly called a heart
attack, is the death of heart muscle resulting from the
sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot.
Blockage deprives the heart of blood and oxygen.
“Blue Baby” Syndrome.
Tetralogy of Fallot (Blue Baby): Characterized
by several congenital heart defects:
♥ Ventricular septal defect (hole in
interventricular septum)
♥ Aorta slightly displaced
♥ Pulmonary semilunar valve is narrow
♥ Thicker right ventricle myocardium.
Interventricular
septum has a
hole in it,
allowing low O2
blood to go to
left ventricle,
back to body
prior to being
reoxygenated
via lungs.
Read your textbook and
familiarize yourself with
other heart conditions.
http://www.medicinenet.com/heart_diseas
e_pictures_slideshow/article.htm
Electrical Activity of
the Heart
1. Sinoatrial (SA) node –
“Pacemaker” Produces
action potentials to
stimulate heart
contractions.
2. Atrioventricular (AV) node
– slower action potential to
ensure ventricles beat
after atria.
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive
/vlabs/cardiology/index.html
Blood pressure explained:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=di2R51QcqE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOwBDm
u1Y0c
A
Time between heartbeats
B
C
B – Atrial depolarization (time)
D
C - QRS – Time of Ventricular
contraction (depolarization)
D – Q-T interval – Time of
depolarization to
repolarization of ventricles.