Download Marking Period 1 Post Test Review Sheet

Biology
Semester 1 Review Sheet
Introduction to Biology Unit
- What is the definition of biology?
- What are the independent and dependent variables in an experiment?
- What are the steps to Scientific Thinking?
- How can scientific theories change?
- What are the characteristics of living things?
- What is the basic unit of life?
- During an experiment, which variable is measured? Which is manipulated?
- What does homeostasis mean? Why must organisms maintain homeostasis?
- What is an individual living thing called?
- What is a scientific hypothesis? Is it testable? How?
Chemistry of Life Unit
- All organic compounds contain what element?
- What category of organic compounds do starches and sugars fall into?
- What are the monomer building blocks of proteins called?
- What compound makes up the majority of living things, including you?
- What effect does a catalyst have on a chemical reaction?
- What property of water causes many of its properties?
- When a solution is made, what two parts are used? Which part is in greater quantity?
Lesser quantity?
- What property makes carbon the “building block of life”?
- How do chemical reactions change substances?
- What part of a chemical reaction is changed? What part is produced?
- What model explains how enzymes fit to specific substrates (reactants)? What does this
model show?
- What substances make up the majority of living things?
- Why is water necessary to the body?
- Where do acids occur on the pH scale? How does the addition of an acid affect a neutral
solution?
Cells Unit
- What invention played the biggest role in the discovery of cells?
- What are the parts of the cell theory?
- How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells? How are they similar to one
another?
- What are organelles? What roles do they play in a cell?
- What are the main differences between plant and animal cells?
- What does selectively permeable mean?
- How are mitochondria and chloroplasts similar to one another?
- Which organelle of a cell is the storehouse for most of a cell’s genetic information?
Cellular Transport Unit
- What is diffusion? When will it occur?
- What is the term for the diffusion of water?
- What process requires no energy by the cell to move substances? Give some types and
describe each
- What is exocytosis? What is endocytosis?
- What is a hypotonic solution? What is a hypertonic solution?
- What causes water to move into a cell?
SEMESTER 2 STUDY GUIDE
Cellular Energy Unit
- What is true for all cells?
- What molecule carries chemical energy used by cells?
Photosynthesis Unit
- What is the atmospheric byproduct of photosynthesis?
- What is the role of a chloroplast in photosynthesis?
- What are the reactants of photosynthesis? products?
- What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis?
- What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis in plants? How does each factor affect the
rate?
- What are the main light absorbing molecules of photosynthesis called?
- Why is chlorophyll green?
Cellular Respiration Unit
- What process breaks down sugars to make ATP with oxygen present?
- When you work your muscles extensively without oxygen, what will form in your muscle
cells?
- What does the process of cellular respiration do?
- What part of cellular respiration breaks down glucose?
- Why does a runner breath hard for a few minutes after finishing a race?
- In what part of the cell does cellular respiration take place?
- What process occurs when oxygen is not present in sufficient amounts?
- Based on the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration what is the ultimate source
of energy for most living things on Earth?
Cell Reproduction Unit
- In what stage of the cell cycle does the nucleus and its contents divide?
- How is DNA stored in the nucleus? Name the protein, structure, etc.
- What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
- What is the correct order of the cell cycle?
- What is the correct order of the phases of mitosis?
- Why are stem cells so important (what can they do that most cells can not?)
- What happens during interphase?
- What is apoptosis, and why is it important?
- What is the difference between a cancer cell and a normal cell
DNA – structure, synthesis, discovery (of shape, etc.), replication, transcription,
translation