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Name:___________________________
Spring Final Exam Review
1. The average composition of the oceanic crust is mostly __________.Basalt
2. What was NOT evidence used by early supporters of the continental drift hypothesis? Polar wandering. They had
no way to detect it.
3. New oceanic crust forms at _____________, and is _______________. Divergent boundaries; constructive
4. Hot spots are believed to originate ____________.hot plumes of mantle material from the core
5. Subduction zones are associated with _____________. Convergent plate boundaries
6. The Hawaiian Island of Kauai has moved 519 km from its original location over the last 5,000,000 years. How fast is
the Pacific Plate moving?
A) 0.000138 cm / year
B) 10.38 cm / year
C) 0.096 cm / year
D) 4.47 cm /year
7. The map to the right shows the locations of the
world's major seismic activity. These maps can be used
to determine the location of _______________.
Plate boundaries
8. How do plate tectonics influence global CO2 levels?
Increase or decrease of volcanic outgassing
9. Which of the following processes removes CO2 from the
atmosphere?
A) Acid rain
10. Which of the following provides an explanation to why the Atlantic Ocean is known to be saltier than the Pacific?
I.
Increased evaporation of Atlantic water caused by strengthening Gulf Stream
II.
Trade Winds carry fresh water vapor from east to west
III.
Melting of polar ice caps into the Pacific Ocean
11. In a simple fold, the troughs or down-folds synclines
12. Occurs where compressional forces cause the upper block of rock to be pushed over the lower
a. Reverse fault
13. Result of collision of equal density continental plates
b. Fault block mountains
14. Addition of sediment to a coastline or riverbank
c. Landmass accretion
15. The breakup of this supercontinent had very little effect on the biosphere which consisted primarily of bacteria
Rhodinia
16. Photographs of Earth made by means of artificial satellites satellite imagery
17. One contour line is at 2,400 ft and another, is at 1,800 ft. There are 15 contours crossing between the two. What is
the contour interval?
a. 40 ft
b. 120 ft
c. 160 ft
d. 600 ft
18. What type of fold is pictured below?
a. Monocline
b. Syncline
c. Anticline
d. Recumbent
19. Energy resource that is replaced rapidly by natural processes renewable
20. Resources which are present in unlimited quantity in nature. inexhaustible
21. Natural resources which cannot be produced, grown, generated, or used on a scale which can sustain its
consumption nonrenewable
22. Occurs when many organisms require and fight for the same resources competition
23. Ethics of planning and management of resources stewardship
24. Which of the following is NOT a byproduct of nuclear fission? Mercury. Remainder of the choices are radioactive
25. What is the driving force for decisions about discovery, use, and disposal of our Earth’s natural resources? $$
(economical)
26. What subsystem is most affected by the pollution of water? Hydrosphere
27. What is carbon footprint? Total amount of
greenhouse gasses produced in a year by a
person or company
27. Which of the following is NOT a factor determining the amount of water usage by humans? Geographic
coordinates
28. Increase in evaporation can lead to an increase in greenhouse gasses affecting primarily which subsystem?
atmosphere
29. When weight is added to an area of the crust, the weight increases the force with which the crust presses on the
mantle. This concept is called: isostasy
30. Continental crust is thicker than oceanic crust, and continental rocks are_less dense than oceanic rocks.
31. What is Texas’ main use of fresh water? agriculture
32. The process by which weathered rock and soil particles are transported from one place to another is called:
erosion
33. The process of changing the molecular structure of rocks is called: chemical weathering
34. Which of the following diagrams correctly labels the internal structure of the Earth? A
35. Studies have shown that hurricane intensity in the Atlantic Ocean is directly correlated to SST
Thermal expansion is a concern for coastal communities because:
36. What
are most of the manufacturing cities located? NE
37. Which TWO regions are most in danger of losing their usable water supply?
a. 2 & 4
b. 6 & 9
c. 8 & 10
38. Regionally, where are most of the US’s nuclear power plants?
a. NE
39. Which direction do trade winds blow across the equator?
from east to west
region of the US
d. 5 & 6
40. El Niño’s can have a detrimental effect on the ecosystems of South America because less upwelling
41. La Nina is characterized by colder SST
42. What pattern did the USA experienced from 2010-2012?
A. La Nina
43. Which of the following cannot be determined by ice core samples? Temperature fluccuations
44. The movement of water through the soil caused by gravity is called: infiltration
45. This process occurs only when the water table levels are higher than the aquifer levels. discharge
46. Which step in the hydrologic cycle has the greatest impact on the Atmosphere? evapotranspiration
47. In which of the following subsystem is carbon found primarily as trapped CO2 in small air spaces? cryosphere
48. The biosphere contains carbon in many forms. Which of the following processes takes in carbon to use as fuel?
combustion