Download MULTIPLE CHOICE FINAL REVIEW Multiple Choice Protons and

MULTIPLE CHOICE FINAL REVIEW
Multiple Choice
1. Protons and electrons
a. repel each other
b. attract each other
c. do not interact
2. This force deals with the product of two charges divided by the distance between them.
a. gravitational
b. nuclear
c. centripetal
d. electrical
e. none of these
3. According to ______ Law, electrical forces between point charges are normally stronger when charges are __
a. Coulomb’s; close together
b. Faraday’s; far apart
c. Newton’s; Fe is
constant everywhere
4. Electrical forces between charges depend on
a. the quantity of charge involved
b. the distance between charges
5. When using the right hand rule, your thumb should point
a.
in the direction of the force
c.
in the direction of the current
b.
d.
c. Both a, and b
d. None
in the direction of the magnetic field
none of these.
6. In order for a particle that enters a magnetic field to feel a force, it must
a.
follow a parallel path to the field and travel in the same direction as the field
b.
follow a parallel path to the field and travel in the opposite direction from the field
c.
travel in a path perpendicular to the field
7. White light is the combination of which colors?
a) red, yellow, green b) blue, green, orange c) magenta, yellow, green
8. The color violet is determined by the
a) speed of the wave b) frequency of the wave
d) red, green, blue
c) index of refraction
d) none of these
9. The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called
a) reflection
b) refraction
c) diffraction
d) dispersion
10. If white light shines onto a mixture of yellow and cyan pigments, what color would be seen?
a) yellow
b) green
c) red
d) blue
11. Magnetic field strength is
a.
strongest near the poles
c.
strongest far away from the magnet
b.
d.
strongest at the magnet’s center
constant everywhere around the magnet
12. If you place a compass in a magnetic field, the compass needle will:
a.
swing in any random direction
b.
line up in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field lines
c.
line up in a direction parallel to the magnetic field lines
d.
seek electrical charge concentrations
13. If you break a bar magnet in half, each half
a. contains one magnetic pole
b. becomes a bar magnet with two opposite poles
c. becomes demagnetized
14. If the north pole of one magnet is brought near the south pole of another magnet, the poles will
a. attract each other
b. repel each other
c. no interact with each other at all
15. Magnetic fields are produced by
a. charges at rest
b. moving particles
c. moving particles of earth
d. charged particles in motion
16. The source of nearly all wave motion is a
A) movement of matter.
B) harmonic object.
17. Physics waves carry
a.
water molecules
b.
C) vibration of matter
D) region of variable high and low pressure.
energy
c.
surfboards
d.
thoughts
c.
wavelength
d.
temperature
19. Amplitude of a mechanical wave is determined by __ of the wave
a.
energy
b.
nodes
c.
velocity
d.
pitch
20. Frequency of a wave determines
a. energy
b.
d.
pitch
21. The pushed together part of a compressional or longitudinal wave is called:
a.
rarefaction
b.
compression c.
wavelength
d.
low pressure
22. The stretched out part of a compressional or longitudinal wave is called:
a.
rarefaction
b.
compression c. wavelength
d.
high pressure
18. The speed of sound in air increases as ___ increases
a.
wind
b.
frequency
nodes
c.
velocity
23. Change the distance between two charges by a factor of ½ and the electrical force between the charges changes by
a factor of
a. 4
b. 2
c. ½
d. ¼
e. none of these
24. Conservation of charge means that
a. the total amount of charge in the universe is constant
d. charge can be neither created or destroyed
b. electrons by themselves can be neither created nor destroyed. e. all of these
c. no experimenter has ever seen charge destroyed by itself.
25. If you rub a balloon on your hair and the balloon becomes negatively charged, your hair becomes
a. positively charged b. negatively charged c. uncharged
26. A difference between electrical forces and gravitational forces is that electrical forces include __
a. separation distance b. repulsive interactions
c. inverse square law
27. In a good insulator, electrons are usually ___
a. free to move around
b. free to move around after an impurity has been added
c. semi-free to move around
d. tightly bound to their own nucleus
28. Objects can be charged by
a. friction
b. conduction
c. induction
29. Charging by induction requires the process of ___
a. conduction
b. electrification
d. all of these
c. magnification
e. none of these
d. grounding
30. Bring a charged object near a conductor and then briefly touch the conductor. This demonstrates charge by
a. induction
b. deduction
c. conduction
d. electrification
31. Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle increases.
The particles have
a. the same sign
b. opposite signs
c. not enough information given
32. A positive particle and a negatively charged particle held near each other are released. As they move, the force on
each particle
a. increases
b. decreases
c. stays the same
33. The SI unit of charge is
a. Newton
b. joule
c. ampere
d. coulomb
e. ohm
34. A negatively charged rod is brought near a metal can that rests on a wooden table. You touch the opposite side of
the can momentarily with your
finger. The can is then
a. positively charged b. negatively charged c. uncharged
d. charged the same as it was
35. Two charges separated by one meter exert a one N force on each other. If the charges are pushed to a ¼ meter
separation, the force on each charge will be
a. 1 N
b. 2 N
c. 4 N
d. 8 N
e. 16 N
36. A race car moving away from you sounds ____ frequency than it really is
a.
higher
b.
lower
c.
the same
37. Causing an object to vibrate at its natural frequency is
a.
reverberation
b.
resonance
c.
irritating
d.
resolution
38. What is the period of an object vibrating at 5 Hz?
a.
.2 s
b.
5A
c.
no period
d.
10 s
CONCEPT – SHORT ANSWER
39. What is the Law of Charges? What is the Law of Conservation of Charge?
40. Describe the three methods of charging an object. How are the objects charged before and after? Give an
example of each that you saw/did in class.
41. Define conductor and insulator. Give 2 examples of each.
42. What is Coulomb’s Law used to calculate? What does it mean to have a positive or negative answer? How are
the variables related (direct, inverse, etc)?
43. How do like charges react to each other? How do unlike charges react? How do charged and uncharged objects
react?
44. What is the direction of the electric field around positive and negative charges? How do we show the strength of
the electric field?
45. Draw the electric field lines for each of the following situations:
a. a -2 charge
b. a +1 and -3 charge
c. a +2 and a +2 charge
d. two charged parallel plates
46. How do you ground an object? What is the charge on the object after you ground it?
47. What is a neutral object? How does an object become charge positive? How does an object become charged
negative?
Choose series or parallel for the following:
48. The current is the same throughout.
49. Total resistance = sum of individual resistances.
50. Voltage drop (voltage across a load) is proportional to resistance.
51. Adding a resistor decreases the total resistance.
52. The voltage drop (voltage across a resistor) is the same across each resistor.
53. Adding a resistor increases the total resistance.
54. If the current through one resistor goes to zero, no current flows through the entire circuit.
55. If the current through one resistor goes to zero, the current through all other resistors remains the same.
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK
56. The potential energy per unit charge is ___.
57. A(n) _____ is one joule per coulomb.
58. The rate of flow of charge is called ______.
59. A _____ changes chemical energy into electrical energy.
60. A(n) ______ exists when there is a continuous conducting path between the terminals of a battery.
61. The unit of electric current is called _________.
62. The unit for electric current is defined or measured as ______________.
63. Ohm’s law may be stated as _____________.
64. In __________ current the electrons all move in the same direction.
65. The ohm is a unit of electric _________.
66. A(n) ____________________ measures the current flowing in a circuit and must be wired in (series/parallel) to
the rest of the circuit.
67. A(n) ____________________ measures the voltage across a circuit and must be wired in (series/parallel) to the
rest of the circuit.
68. When drawing the normal line to show how light bends or reflects, the normal should always be drawn
____________________________________ to the boundary between the two mediums.
69. When light travels from a faster medium into a slower medium, it bends _________________________ the
normal.
70. The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a specific material is called the
_______________________________________________________.
71. What is the index of refraction of air/a vacuum? _____________
72. When a light ray hits the boundary of a new medium and is refracted at exactly 90 degrees, the angle of incidence
is referred to as the __________________________________________________.
73. When the angle of incidence is greater than the angle referred to in question #30, the result is that the light cannot
exit the first medium and you get ________________________________________________________.
74. A mirror that curves toward you is a _________________________ mirror. It can form only ________________
images.
75. A mirror that curves away from you is a __________________________ mirror. It can form both
________________ and _________________ images.
76. Electric power is found by multiplying __________ by current.
77. Electric power is the rate of __________ transferred over time.
78. A short piece of wire has ________ resistance than a long piece of wire.
79. A fat piece of wire has ________ resistance than a skinny piece of wire.
80. A hot piece of wire has ________ resistance than a cold piece of wire.
81. A copper wire has _________ resistance than a glass wire.
82. In a parallel circuit as resistance is added the total resistance ___________ and the total current _________.
83. Electrons flow out of the (positive/negative) terminal to the (positive/negative) terminal of the battery. A positive
current flows out of the (positive/negative) terminal to the (positive/negative) terminal of the battery.
84. A 1.5 V dry cell and a 4500Ω resistance. Calculate the current in this circuit.
85. If 3 A of current flow through a circuit, calculate how much charge passes by a certain point in 4 seconds?
86. A magnetic field is produced by the motion of charged particles.
T or F
87. The magnetic field lines around a current-carrying wire form a series of concentric circles. T or F
88. When a magnet is moved in and out of a coil of wire a voltage is induced in the wire.
89. If the number of coils doubles, the induced voltage will ___.
90. A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is called a(n) ___
91. A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is called a(n) ___
92. When drawing magnetic field lines, the arrows should be drawn:
93. The magnetic south pole of the earth is located at ______________
94. An alloy used to make strong magnets is ____
95. A north pole (attracts or repels) a S pole
96. Magnetic ____________ is close to (but not exactly!) geographic North.
97. An electric _______________________ uses magnets to convert mechanical to electrical energy
98. The more magnetic field lines surrounding a magnet indicates that the magnetic force is (stronger/weaker).
99. In an atom, each _________________________________ acts like a tiny magnet because of its spin.
100.
A(n) ________________________ is made by wrapping a current carrying coil around an iron core.
101.
Naturally occurring magnetic rocks are called _________________________________
102.
The process of generating a current using magnets is called electromagnetic _______________________
103.
Magnetic fields are produced by ________________________________________.
104.
The properties of magnetic materials result from the existence of unpaired spinning _________________.
105.
Tiny areas (microscopic) in a piece of iron in which millions of atoms are perfectly aligned magnetically
are called ________________________.
106.
The most common ferromagnetic element is _______________________.
107.
________________ and ___________________ are also elements which are attracted to magnets.
108.
In a bar magnet the magnetic field strength is strongest near _____________________
109.
Gravity only attracts, magnets can _____________ and ________________.
110.
The geographic South pole is located near the magnetic _______________ _______________
111.
A ____________________ changes mechanical energy into electrical energy.
112.
A _____________________ changes electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Choose one of the following wave behaviors for each question below:
a. interference
b. reflection
c. refraction
d. diffraction
113.
Echo
114.
Waves bend or spread out around a corner
115.
A wave goes from one medium into another and bends as it is transmitted
116.
Waves bounce off at an angle equal to the incident angle
117.
One wave moves through another
118.
A straw in a glass of soda appears broken at the surface of the liquid
119.
One wave on top of another
Choose one of the following wave characteristics for each question below:
a. frequency
b. wavelength
c. period
d. velocity
120.
How many complete cycles or vibrations happen in one second
121.
Determined by the medium
122.
Distance from one crest to the next crest
123.
Time for one complete cycle (unit = seconds)
124.
Distance from one trough to the next trough
125.
Calculated by frequency x wavelength
126.
Distance between successive parts of a wave
Identify each of the following as:
a. transverse
b.
longitudinal
127.
medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction the wave travels
128.
medium vibrates parallel to the direction the wave travels
129.
sound waves
130.
light waves
131.
ripples in a pond
132.
a slinky wiggled right and left
133.
a slinky pushed back and forth (towards the opposite end)
Identify each of the following as:
a. mechanical
b.
EM (electromagnetic)
134.
sound
135.
can travel through outer space
136.
light
137.
radio waves
138.
must have matter to travel through
139.
cannot move through a vacuum
Identify each of the following pairs as:
a. directly proportional
140.
wavelength and frequency
141.
period and frequency
142.
pitch and frequency
143.
energy and amplitude
Identify each of the following as
a.
infrasonic
b.
b.
inversely proportional
ultrasonic
144.
related to pitch or frequency – higher than the human ear can detect
145.
related to pitch or frequency – lower frequency than human hearing
146.
less than 20 Hz
147.
more than 20,000 Hz
Matching
148.
The speed of all EM waves.
a. photon or quanta
149.
Materials that can transmit light undistorted
b. violet
150.
The visible light color that has the lowest frequency
c. compliment
151.
d. 3.0 x 108
152.
Objects that either reflect or absorb all the light that hits them –
but that do not transmit light
Light that vibrates in only one plane
153.
A “package” of energy from an EM wave
f. translucent
154.
The visible light color that has the highest frequency
g. subtractive
155.
Objects that give off their own light
h. transparent
156.
A molecule that absorbs certain wavelengths of light
i. polarized
157.
An object that reflects light
j. opaque
158.
The colors of light are ___.
k. illuminated
159.
The colors of pigments and dyes are ___.
l. red
160.
Any light color plus its _____ mix together to make white.
m. luminous
e. additive
n. dye
Identify each of the following as:
a. radio waves
f. x-rays
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
b. Microwaves c. Infrared waves
g. gamma rays
d. Visible light waves e. ultraviolet waves
have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency of all EM waves
cause sunburns
used to kill cancer cells in radiation treatment
all animals give off this type of EM waves
cannot be heard, but can carry sound waves
used in microwave ovens
makes up only 1/100,000 of the spectrum
the only type of EM waves we can see.
heat waves
accompany most nuclear reactions
caused by high speed electrons crashing into metal plates