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Introductory Video Script Template Lesson Objective Course Semester Unit Lesson Science 7 A 3 1 Students will identify the layers of the Earth. Students will diagram the relative widths of the layers of the Earth. CLIP A Visual <Image Show the shovel image, then bring in the pile of dirt> http://www.pd4pic.com/work-boots-glovesshovel-dirty-rubble-red-clay.html http://pixabay.com/en/molehill-mole-eartherdhaufen-dig-16370/ Audio Have you ever wanted to dig a hole all the way to the center of the Earth? Maybe you have even started, in your back yard, and someone had to stop you… <Image> If you could get about 5 miles deep, the intense heat would be too much to handle. http://www.pd4pic.com/flame-blaze-woodfireplace-fire-she-flame-heat.html <Image> At this point in history, no one has even dug beyond the first layer of the Earth. http://www.pd4pic.com/shovel-sandsands-sandpit-excavation-digging.html <Image Place the text ” 4 LAYERS” under the image> http://www.pd4pic.com/earth-blue-planetglobe-planet-space-universe-all.html Scientists have determined that there are 4 main layers of our planet. <Image Display the list, one at a time over the previous Earth image - drop in text from top to bottom Earth’s four layers: Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core These four layers are: the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core. QUESTION A By using advanced techniques, scientists have determined the layers beneath the surface of our Earth, which are: A. The crust, the middle, and the bottom. B. The core, the inner core, the outer core, the mantle, and the lower mantle. C. The inner core, the outer core, the mantle, and the crust. D. The crust, the mantle, and the core. Correct answer is C, proceed to CLIP B Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP E CLIP B Visual <Image - Bring images in one at a time from the corners to form a collage> Audio The crust is the top and outermost layer—it is all that you can see and what you live on. You may have noticed that the crust can look very different from place to place. <Image> From the mountains… http://www.morguefile.com/archiv e/display/214029 <Image> to the oceans… http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/940561 <image> to the plains http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/913830 <image> http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/941258 to coasts and beaches… <Image> The crust’s tectonic plates “float” on top of the second layer of the Earth known as the mantle. http://pixabay.com/en/iceland-naturelandscape-139024/ <Image Create a double ended arrow and place on image in the mantle area> The mantle makes up the largest percentage of the Earth’s volume, approximately 84%. It has multiple layers. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:EarthCrustMantleCore.png Display the text: OUTER CORE AND INNER CORE This now brings us to the innermost layers: the outer core and the inner core. The outer core is liquid and is mainly made of iron and nickel. <Image> Circle the OUTER CORE Circle the INNER CORE The inner core is also made of metals but in a solid form. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:EarthCrustMantleCore.png QUESTION B The crust is the outermost layer of the earth and it _____________________. A. varies in composition depending upon location. B. is made up of one complete piece. C. is smooth and consistent. D. can only be seen in the mountains. Correct answer is A, proceed to CLIP C Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP F CLIP C Visual <Image Drop in text, one term at a time, over image.> Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core Audio The ancient Greeks determined the size of the Earth. Around the turn of the 20th century, scientists determined the layers of the Earth. These 4 main layers are the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core. http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display /671923 <Image> http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display /808912 This layered configuration can be compared to a hard-boiled egg. <Image> The crust is the outermost layer and is very thin compared to the others. Like an egg’s shell, the Earth’s crust is brittle. http://www.morguefile.com/archive/display /754538 <Image Place an arrow pointing to the egg white> Below the crust is the mantle: a dense, hot layer, which can be likened to the white of a boiled egg. http://pixabay.com/en/egg-hard-boiledsliced-yolk-half-25369/ <Image Zoom in on the egg yolk> http://pixabay.com/en/egg-eggshell-bittenyolk-829/ At the center of the Earth is the core. The core is similar to the yolk of the egg. The core is divided into the outer core, a thick metallic liquid; and the inner core, which is solid. QUESTION C The four layers of the Earth are ______________________. A. the same size. B. made of the same composition. C. vary in size and make-up. D. of unknown composition. Correct answer is C, proceed to CLIP D Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP G CLIP D Visual <Image Place an arrow pointing at the skin, and label it CRUST> Audio The Earth is layered, like an onion. The thinnest layer, the crust, is very similar to the skin of an onion. The crust makes up approximately one percent of the Earth’s volume. http://pixabay.com/en/onions-board-knifekitchen-cut-282428/ <Image> http://pixabay.com/en/onion-vegetableonion-brown-531974/ When you cut an onion in half, you can see the various layers, just like the layers of the Earth. <Image Place a double ended arrow showing approximately 3/4 of the interior (from the outer edge toward the center), and label it the MANTLE > Beneath the crust is the mantle, which makes up the largest layer of the Earth. Several of the onion’s layers would comprise the mantle. The mantle is approximately 84% of the Earth’s volume. http://pixabay.com/en/onion-allium-cepared-onion-sliced-276590/ <Image Zoom in on the center of the onion> The very center of the Earth is the doublelayered core. The outer core and the inner core make up the remaining 15% of the Earth’s volume. http://pixabay.com/en/onion-allium-cepared-onion-sliced-276586/ QUESTION D Which of the following is the correct order of the Earth’s layers, in decreasing volume? A. Crust, mantle, outer and inner cores. B. Mantle, outer and inner cores, crust. C. Outer and inner cores, crust, mantle. D. None of the above. Correct answer is B, proceed to SUCCESS ALERT Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP H CLIP E Visual <Image> Audio All known life exists on the solid outer layer of the Earth called the crust. The crust is what creates our landforms, such as mountains and valleys. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Na sa_earth.jpg <Image <Place an arrow pointing to the “A” portion of the image> http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Su bduktion_int.JPG The crust is one of the four layers of the Earth. It is the top layer that we all see and live on. <Image> If you could keep digging through the crust, you would encounter the mantle, which is a flexible, magma-like substance. http://pixabay.com/en/lava-backgroundmagma-nature-hot-499891/ <Image> The crust is made up of tectonic plates. The tectonic plates form our continents and the world as we know it today. http://pixabay.com/en/hands-world-mapglobal-earth-600497/ QUESTION E The crust is made of tectonic plates that float on top of the _____________. A. plains B. mantle C. inner core D. outer core Correct answer is B, proceed to CLIP B Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP F CLIP F Visual Audio <Image> The mantle is somewhat flexible and can take on varying forms. http://pixabay.com/en/yoga-exercisegymnastics-stretch-304634/ <Image> So what does that have to do with making mountains and oceans? Tectonic plates move over long periods of time and can form mountains. http://pixabay.com/en/aoraki-mount-cookmountain-90388/ <Image Try this… put a book on a desk, slide a piece of paper flat on the desk towards the book. What happened? Did it arch up? http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com mons/thumb/9/94/PSM_V14_D478_Model ing_mountain_formation_with_clay.jpg/80 0pxPSM_V14_D478_Modeling_mountain_for mation_with_clay.jpg This is like the tectonic plates when they push against each other and form mountains. <Image Oceans rest on thinner tectonic plates and do not “float” as high above the mantle. Water runs off the higher plates (continental plates) to the lower plates (oceanic plates) forming oceans. http://pixabay.com/en/mountains-icebergs-antarctica-berg-482689/ QUESTION F Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain formations result from movement in which layer of the Earth? A. crust B. inner core C. mantle D. atmospheric Correct answer is C, proceed to CLIP C Incorrect answer (all others), Intervention alert, Proceed to CLIP B CLIP G Visual <Image> Audio Similar to this layered dessert made with different fruits and whipped topping… the Earth’s interior layers vary in thickness, composition, and density. http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/644134 <Image> Display: <1 km = approx. 3,280 feet> over image http://pixabay.com/en/desertdrought-dehydrated-clay-soil279862/ The thickness of the Earth’s crust varies, but averages about 30 kilometers. Let’s review the conversion from kilometers to feet: 1 kilometer equals approximately 3,281 feet. <Image> The crust is the thinnest and most rigid of the Earth’s layers. http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/896041 The Earth’s crust is similar to the outermost edge of the crust on a slice of pizza. <Image Place an arrow pointing to the very outer edge of the pizza crust> http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/109487 QUESTION G The thickness of the Earth’s crust averages about 30 kilometers. If 1 kilometer equals 3,281 feet, how thick is the Earth’s crust in feet? A. 98,400 feet B. 9,840 feet C. 12,500 feet D. 3,280 feet Correct answer is A, proceed to CLIP D Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP F CLIP H Visual <Image Display the images side by side> Audio The data on our Earth’s interior has come from geological surveys and research into the Earth’s movement in the Solar System http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg http://www.pd4pic.com/solar-systemplanet-planetary-system-orbitsun.html <Image> http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/863344 The Earth’s layers can be defined by their chemical properties and their relative widths. <Image Place the text “CRUST” under this image> Earth has an outer silicate solid crust, which is the thinnest layer. http://www.morguefile.com/archive/di splay/941799 <Place the text “MANTLE” on the image and zoom in on the mantle portion of image> http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi le:Earth_internal_structure.png Directly under the crust is the mantle, which is the widest layer. <Image Place a circle inside of another circle, and label “OUTER CORE” and “INNER CORE” in the center of this log> Finally, there are the outer core and the inner core, which differ in their chemical composition. You can visualize the Earth’s core when looking at this cross section of a log. http://pixabay.com/en/backgroundbrown-circle-cut-detail-84678/ QUESTION H The layer of the Earth that is the thinnest and supports life is the ______________. A. mantle B. crust D. outer core D. inner core Correct answer is B, SUCCESS alert Incorrect answer (all others), proceed to CLIP G