Download Negotiation

English language II
Unit 13
Unit 13: The Art of
Negotiation
Negotiation is a dialogue between two or more people or
parties, intended to reach an understanding, resolve point
of difference, or gain advantage in outcome of dialogue,
to produce an agreement upon courses of action, to
bargain for individual or collective advantage, to craft
outcomes to satisfy various interests of two people / parties
involved in negotiation process. Negotiation is a process
where each party involved in negotiating tries to gain an
advantage for themselves by the end of the process.
Negotiation is intended to aim at compromise.
Negotiation occurs in business, non-profit organizations,
government branches, legal proceedings, among nations
and in personal situations such as marriage, divorce,
parenting, and everyday life. The study of the subject is
called negotiation theory. Professional negotiators are often
specialized, such as union negotiators, peace negotiators,
hostage negotiators, or may work under other titles, such as
diplomats, legislators or brokers.
Unit 13: Vocabulary
to negotiate (verb form of the noun “negotiation”) /nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪt/ - to discuss something
formally in order to make an agreement
The customer wanted to negotiate over/about the price.
often + with or for
The team is negotiating with the player's agent.
Teachers are negotiating for higher salaries. / They are negotiating a higher salary.
negotiator /nɪˈgoʊʃiˌeɪtɚ/ - a person who is involved in formal financial or political
discussions in order to try to reach an agreement – posrednik, pregovarac
a skilled trade/labor negotiator
negotiable / non-negotiable /nɪˈgoʊʃijəbəl/ - able to be discussed and changed before
an agreement or decision is made – oko čega su mogući ustupci, kompromisi
The terms of the contract are negotiable.
The price was not negotiable.
Unit 13: Vocabulary
make an effort
I'm doing my best effort to learn English / I am doing my best
to learn English
but
I'm making my best effort to learn english
reach an agreement
We will try one more time to reach an agreement with you.
We reached an agreement and signed a contract.
Unit 13: Vocabulary
to lose face – fig. to lose status, to become
less respectable – izgubiti ugled, osramotiti se
John is more afraid of losing face than losing
money.
Things will go better if you can explain to him
where he was wrong without making him
lose face.
Unit 13: Vocabulary
compromise /ˈkɑ:mprəˌmaɪz/ - a way of reaching
agreement in which each person or group gives up
something that was wanted in order to end an
argument or dispute
Both boys will have to make compromises if they are to
share the room. [=they will each have to give up
something in order to get along]
The two sides were unable to reach a compromise.
[=unable to come to an agreement]
concession /kənˈsɛʃən/ - the act of conceding
something: such as a : the act of giving up something or
doing something in order to reach agreement – ustupak,
ustupanje, povlastica
The company has been unwilling to make concessions
(to the strikers) during negotiations.
Unit 13: Vocabulary
“fall-back” position – position to which one can resort or retreat - odstupnica
break down - to fail or stop usually in a complete and sudden way – otkazati, prekinuti
Negotiations have broken down. [=collapsed]
The government's argument broke down completely when new evidence came to light.
persuasive
articulate /ɑɚˈtɪkjələt/ - able to express ideas clearly and effectively (in speech or writing)
– jasan, razgovjetan
She’s an intelligent and articulate speaker.
tenacity /təˈnæsəti/ - not easily stopped or pulled apart : firm or strong – čvrstina,
istrajnost, izdržljivost
I am impressed by their tenacity.
Future Continuous Tense
I will be singing
The structure of the future continuous tense
is:
subject
+
auxiliary
verb WILL
+
auxiliary
verb BE
+
main verb
invariable
invariable
present
participle
will
be
base + ing
Future Continuous Tense
USE 1: Interrupted Action in the Future
- to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter
action in the future. This can be a real interruption or just an interruption in
time.
I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.
I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives.
I am going to be staying at the Madison Hotel, if anything happens and you
need to contact me.
He will be studying at the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer when she
arrives.
Future Continuous Tense
USE 2: Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future
In USE 1 the Future Continuous is interrupted by a short action
in the future. In addition to using short actions as interruptions,
you can also use a specific time as an interruption.
Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
I will be in the process of eating dinner.
At midnight tonight, we will still be driving through the desert.
We will be in the process of driving through the desert.
Future Continuous Tense
USE 3: Parallel Actions in the Future
When you use the Future Continuous with two actions in
the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions
will be happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
I am going to be studying and he is going to be making
dinner.
Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans,
and having a good time.
Future Continuous Tense
USE 4: Atmosphere in the Future
In English, we often use a series of Parallel Actions to
describe atmosphere at a specific point in the future.
When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be
celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others are going to be
talking. A few people will be eating pizza, and several people
are going to be drinking beer. They always do the same
thing.
Future Continuous Tense
REMEMBER: Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs
It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs
cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Instead of using
Future Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple
Future Tense.
Jane will be being at my house when you arrive. Not Correct
Jane will be at my house when you arrive. Correct
Much, many, little, few
We use much and little with uncountable
nouns:
much time / much luck / little energy / little
money/
We use many and few with plural nouns:
many friends / many people / few cars /
few countries