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Exam Review: March 9, 2010 50113Xm1Review.PPt First Hourly Exam 100 Pts Updated: February 13, 2014 501Intro Clinical Epidemio DefClass Models Intro501: Introduction to Cancer Biology and to the Course (501Intro.ppt) Banding pattern of normal metaphase human chromosomes Figure 1.11a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of normal metaphase human chromosomes using chromosome specific DNA probes with different fluorescent dyes Figure 1.11b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Aneuploid karyotype of human breast cancer cell. Note “scrambling” of colors demonstrating chromosomal reciprocal translocations Figure 1.11c The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Intrachromosonal inversion by M-band fluorescent in situ hybridization( mFISH) Figure 1.11d The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Cytoskeleton: Actin microfilaments Microtubules Intermediate filaments Figure 1.14a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Intermediate Filaments of epithelial cell (keratin) in green Plasma membrane in blue Figure 1.14b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) 3T3 Mouse Fibroblast attached to fibronectin extracellular matrix by integrin receptors Figure 1.14d The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) What Models of Cancers Do We Actually Use in Cancer Biology and Cancer Medicine? Neoplastic and Normal Cell Lines in Culture Transformed Normal Cells Freshly-derived Cancer Cells Genetically Engineered Cells Engineered Tissues (3-Dimensional Cell Cultures) Animal Models in Cancer Research and Cancer Medicine (“Pre-Clinical Trials”) Inbred Animal Models Veterinary Animals Animal-Human Engineered Hybrid Models Clinical Cancer in Patients Clinical Trials (Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III) Dr. Steve Graziano: Lung Cancer Therapy (Last week of class) Cancer Biology and Clinical Treatment The Impact of the Health-care System About Kuyler Van Nocker and Neuroblastoma http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3036677/#39049661 Week Two: The Story of Kelley Mitchell and Ewings Sarcoma Cancer Treatment | PBS NewsHour | Jan. 1, 2001 | PBS Jan 1, 2001 ... ELIZABETH BRACKETT: Last year, Kelley Mitchell lost her battle against cancer. But before the 16-year-old died, she agreed to try a highly ... www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-ju ne01/cancer_01-01.html Last Presentation: The Story of Taylor Black and Neuroblastoma (“Daydreams and Diaries” - UntreedReads.com OnLine Story of Taylor Black by Tim Black) Clinical Presentation of Cancers (Clinical.ppt) Figure 16.1b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Figure 16.1a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Introduction of PSA (prostate specific antigen) test to screen for prostate cancer Figure 16.45a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Incidence of Various Kinds of Cancers in Men and Women as a Function of Age See Figure 11.1, Cancer incidence at various ages for men and women. p. 400. Weinberg. Note maximum incidence per 100,000 population at about age 70, then drop off after that age. Serious incidence begins around age 35 except for breast cancer which can have an earlier onset depending on genetics. Figure 16.45c The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Figure 11.8b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Figure 14.50a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Figure 14.50b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Epidemiology of Cancers (Epidemio.ppt) Incidence of Burkitt’s Lymphoma in Relation to Infectious Disease Etiology: Aedes simpsoni mosquito transmission vector for malaria and Epstein Barr Virus co-infection Figure 4.12 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Cancer Incidence Following Migration Figure 2.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 45 CigBooze Definitions of Classifications of Cancer (DefClass.ppt) Normal Secretory & Ciliated Epithelial Cells Figure 16-19, ECB, 1998, p. 528 Ciliated Epithelium of Human Respiratory Tract RespCilia Prpgression in Neoplastic Development: Weinberg, Chapter 11 on Multistep Tumorigenesis. Figure 11.7 Figure 11.7 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Cancer Incidence 2002: 1,285,000. Cancer Deaths 555,000. 43% Death Rate Cancer Incidence 2009: 1,479,000. Cancer Deaths 562,000. 38% Death Rate Table 2.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 33 Hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells) Fig 2-1, Kuby 4th Ed. p. 28 HematoAll Pluripotent Stem Cell and Lymphoid and Myeloid Lineages (Fig 2-1, Kuby 4th Ed. p. 28 StemCell Myeloid Stem Cell Lymphoid Lineage Fig 2-1 Kuby 4th Ed p. 28 Myeloid Lineage (Kuby, Fig 2-1, 4th Ed., p. 28) Myeloid Disease Progression in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia p. 293 Figure 8.32 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Model Systems in the Study of Cancers (Models.ppt) Comparisons of Two Primary Cancers vs the Cancers Propagated as Model Systems Primary excised surgical tumor pieces Cancer Comparisons Surgical specimens after 3 to 6 months growth sub-cutaneously in SCID Mice Prostate and colon cancer cell lines propagated in vitro and implanted Figure 13.8 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 539 Cancer Model Systems In Vitro (in Cell, Tissue, or Organ Culture) Normal Cells in Culture • Transformed Cells Chemically Virally By Irradiation • Neoplastic Cells from Animal Tumors • Neoplastic Cells Cultured from Human Cancers CxVitro Animal Tumor Models in Vivo Source of the Tumor Challenge Cells • Implanted Cultured Neoplastic Cells • Transplanted from Donor Animals Early vs Later Transplant Generations • Induced in the Tumor-bearing Host Animals Spontaneous (by Genetic Selection) Chemical, Viral, Radiation Induction • Excised fromVeterinaryAnimals AnimlCx1 Clinical Human Cancers as "Model" Systems Advantages: • The Closest "Model" to the Ultimate Goals ...The Best Model for Human Cancer • Patient Feed-back and Cooperation Limitations • Unmatched, genetically unique subjects • Powerful ethical limitations • Patient Independence and Failure to Comply • Prior or Concomitant Treatment Video on Clinical Trials in Patients A note on Experimental Cancer Therapy and National Health-Care Policy – Keith Olbermann, MSNBC Countdown, February 9, 2010 Video News Item MSNBC, February 9 and 10, 2010: Keith Olbermann on Kyler Van Nocker, Neuroblastoma, and Coverage for Experimental Therapy in Cancer. See Next Slide for Link Children, Cancer Therapy, and Beads, Syracuse NY, 2011 http://centralny.ynn.com/content/top_stories/537100/a-creative-way-to-cope-with-cancer/ Beads4Cx18Mar11.doc Obesity in the United States and the Future of Disease Incidence, Including Cancer Obesity and Medical Costs, ABSNEWS, Feb. 16, 2011 ObesityABC16Feb11.doc http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/obesity-crisis-threatens-health-care-systemamericans-exercise-food-advice-tips-health-12935370 About Kuyler Van Nocker and Neuroblastoma Experimental FDA-Approved Cancer Therapy (FDA = Food and Drug Administration) Who will pay for approved but experimental therapy? (Played in Class: January 17, 2013) http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3036677/#39049661 The Ugly Truth of Pediatric Cancer A Five-minute musical mosaic of childhood cancer Google the Title or www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T3zQmBojAU Dec 19, 2010 - Uploaded by KidsCancerChannel This video shows the ugly side of pediatric cancer, and just a glimpse into the ... Ava's Cancer Storyby ... More videos for The Ugly Story of Pediatric Cancer » The Ugly Truth of Pediatric Cancer A Five-minute musical mosaic of childhood cancer Google the Title or www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T3zQmBojAU Dec 19, 2010 - Uploaded by KidsCancerChannel This video shows the ugly side of pediatric cancer, and just a glimpse into the ... Ava's Cancer Storyby ... More videos for The Ugly Story of Pediatric Cancer » Note: You may want to dispute the use of the word “Ugly” by those who compiled this montage of children with cancer. There is crushing sadness and heartache, but much of beauty shared by the children, their parents, and their brothers and sisters. TPF Feb. 9, 2013