The characterization of inner core protein VP6 of African Horsesickness Virus
... CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 INTRODUCTION In 1898 researchers identified infectious agents that were smaller than the smallest known bacteria. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that use the machinery of the host cell to replicate. They consist of a DNA or RNA genome surrounded by a pr ...
... CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 INTRODUCTION In 1898 researchers identified infectious agents that were smaller than the smallest known bacteria. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that use the machinery of the host cell to replicate. They consist of a DNA or RNA genome surrounded by a pr ...
Comparative analysis of different TaqMan real-time RT
... analysis (Aggarwal and Krawczynski 2000; Smith 2001). There is increasing evidence that animals (such as pigs) could serve as reservoir for HEV (Meng et al. 1997, 1998, 1999, 2002; Yoo et al. 2001; Renou et al. 2007). Swine HEV isolates have been identified now in many countries worldwide including ...
... analysis (Aggarwal and Krawczynski 2000; Smith 2001). There is increasing evidence that animals (such as pigs) could serve as reservoir for HEV (Meng et al. 1997, 1998, 1999, 2002; Yoo et al. 2001; Renou et al. 2007). Swine HEV isolates have been identified now in many countries worldwide including ...
Introduction to Modern Virology
... as widely as possible. Although the discipline of virology is often considered to be highly specialized, we hope that readers will see the tremendous range of systems and technologies that virologists bring to bear in order to elucidate their subject and thus pick up some of the excitement of workin ...
... as widely as possible. Although the discipline of virology is often considered to be highly specialized, we hope that readers will see the tremendous range of systems and technologies that virologists bring to bear in order to elucidate their subject and thus pick up some of the excitement of workin ...
The viral killer system in yeast: from molecular biology to application
... immunity component (Table 2). Interestingly, the toxincoding M genomes exclude each other at the replicative level and, therefore, simultaneous coexistence of all three ScV-M killer virions in a single yeast cell does not occur in vivo, but can be by-passed by co-expressing cDNA copies of di¡erent p ...
... immunity component (Table 2). Interestingly, the toxincoding M genomes exclude each other at the replicative level and, therefore, simultaneous coexistence of all three ScV-M killer virions in a single yeast cell does not occur in vivo, but can be by-passed by co-expressing cDNA copies of di¡erent p ...
Infectious Disease Myths (or are they myths?)
... The Evolution of Virology • There is some question of when “Virology” can be said to have begun. • Many diseases we now know as viral were recognized (smallpox, measles, polio), and even immunized against (smallpox), all of this before viruses were first described. • Dmitry Ivanovsky was the first ...
... The Evolution of Virology • There is some question of when “Virology” can be said to have begun. • Many diseases we now know as viral were recognized (smallpox, measles, polio), and even immunized against (smallpox), all of this before viruses were first described. • Dmitry Ivanovsky was the first ...
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A TRANSGENIC
... The importance of poliovirus as a serious human pathogen was initially responsible for extensive investigation into its biology. In the past decade, studies on the molecular biology, structure, and genetics of poliovirus have made this one of the best understood viruses of eukaryotic cells. However ...
... The importance of poliovirus as a serious human pathogen was initially responsible for extensive investigation into its biology. In the past decade, studies on the molecular biology, structure, and genetics of poliovirus have made this one of the best understood viruses of eukaryotic cells. However ...
Plant Diseases Caused by Viruses and Viroids
... RNA genes (sometimes referred to as noncoding RNA or small RNA) are genes that encode RNA that is not translated into a protein. The most prominent examples of RNA genes are transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), both of which are involved in the process of translation. However, since the lat ...
... RNA genes (sometimes referred to as noncoding RNA or small RNA) are genes that encode RNA that is not translated into a protein. The most prominent examples of RNA genes are transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), both of which are involved in the process of translation. However, since the lat ...
chapter 1 - UTMB Health SHARED Home
... unrecognized vector of CHIKV: Ae. (Stegomyia) albopictus mosquitoes. It was postulated that genetic changes in the virus might have contributed to the scale of these epidemics by facilitating CHIKV transmission by Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. In order to characterize genetic factors that might influen ...
... unrecognized vector of CHIKV: Ae. (Stegomyia) albopictus mosquitoes. It was postulated that genetic changes in the virus might have contributed to the scale of these epidemics by facilitating CHIKV transmission by Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. In order to characterize genetic factors that might influen ...
Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie
... the appropriate cellular milieu (expression of stress response genes) required for AAV DNA replication than direct involvement of helper virus gene products (Yakobson et al. 1987). The natural route for AAV infections is assumed to occur via the respiratory or gastrointestinal route as is the case f ...
... the appropriate cellular milieu (expression of stress response genes) required for AAV DNA replication than direct involvement of helper virus gene products (Yakobson et al. 1987). The natural route for AAV infections is assumed to occur via the respiratory or gastrointestinal route as is the case f ...
Norovirus Infectious Agent Information Sheet
... Noroviruses are considered the most common cause of outbreaks of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, are the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States (58%), and account for 26% of hospitalizations and 10% of deaths associated with food consumption. Salad ingredients, fruit, and o ...
... Noroviruses are considered the most common cause of outbreaks of non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, are the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States (58%), and account for 26% of hospitalizations and 10% of deaths associated with food consumption. Salad ingredients, fruit, and o ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... two of this project, we wanted to determine if adaptation of an avian-human H9N2 reassortant in ferrets could support mammalian respiratory droplet transmission. Here we show for the first time that a reassortant virus carrying the HA and NA of an avian H9N2 virus can transmit in respiratory droplet ...
... two of this project, we wanted to determine if adaptation of an avian-human H9N2 reassortant in ferrets could support mammalian respiratory droplet transmission. Here we show for the first time that a reassortant virus carrying the HA and NA of an avian H9N2 virus can transmit in respiratory droplet ...
Chapter 20
... • Viruses must rely on living cells (host cells) for replication. • Before a virus can replicate, it must first infect a living cell. • An animal virus enters its host cell by endocytosis. • A bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, punches a hole in the bacterial cell wall and injects its DNA into the c ...
... • Viruses must rely on living cells (host cells) for replication. • Before a virus can replicate, it must first infect a living cell. • An animal virus enters its host cell by endocytosis. • A bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, punches a hole in the bacterial cell wall and injects its DNA into the c ...
HB_20_win
... • Viruses must rely on living cells (host cells) for replication. • Before a virus can replicate, it must first infect a living cell. • An animal virus enters its host cell by endocytosis. • A bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, punches a hole in the bacterial cell wall and injects its DNA into the c ...
... • Viruses must rely on living cells (host cells) for replication. • Before a virus can replicate, it must first infect a living cell. • An animal virus enters its host cell by endocytosis. • A bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, punches a hole in the bacterial cell wall and injects its DNA into the c ...
Dengue virus type 1 (ATCC® VR1586™)
... lists the media formulation that has been found to be effective for this strain. While other, unspecified media may also produce satisfactory results, a change in media or the absence of an additive from the ATCC recommended media may affect recovery, growth and/or function of this strain. If an alt ...
... lists the media formulation that has been found to be effective for this strain. While other, unspecified media may also produce satisfactory results, a change in media or the absence of an additive from the ATCC recommended media may affect recovery, growth and/or function of this strain. If an alt ...
Understanding phage, the viruses that infect
... the Ganges and Jumna rivers in India had marked antibacterial action against cholera and could pass through a very fine porcelain filter • In 1915, British bacteriologist Frederick Twort, superintendent of the Brown Institution of London, discovered a small agent that infects and kills bacteria. He ...
... the Ganges and Jumna rivers in India had marked antibacterial action against cholera and could pass through a very fine porcelain filter • In 1915, British bacteriologist Frederick Twort, superintendent of the Brown Institution of London, discovered a small agent that infects and kills bacteria. He ...
Viruses - Red Wing Public Schools
... • HIV cannot enter a cell merely by docking onto a CD4 receptor. Rather, the glycoprotein must also activate a second co-receptor, called CCR5. ...
... • HIV cannot enter a cell merely by docking onto a CD4 receptor. Rather, the glycoprotein must also activate a second co-receptor, called CCR5. ...
genetics and functions of herpes simplex virus type 1 membrane
... Figure 1.1: Herpesvirus virion structure. Virions of herpes viruses can vary in size from 120nm to 300nm (Roizman and Furlong, 1974). A virion consists of: an electron-dense core containing the viral genome, an icosadeltahedral capsid around the core, an amorphous tegument around the capsid, and an ...
... Figure 1.1: Herpesvirus virion structure. Virions of herpes viruses can vary in size from 120nm to 300nm (Roizman and Furlong, 1974). A virion consists of: an electron-dense core containing the viral genome, an icosadeltahedral capsid around the core, an amorphous tegument around the capsid, and an ...
Cancer across the tree of life: cooperation and cheating in
... matrix using a variety of factors (e.g. matrix metalloproteinases), thus facilitating cell invasion [43,44], one of the hallmarks of cancer [9,10]. Cancer cells also destroy the extracellular matrix as a result of by-products of glycolytic metabolism [45]. Destruction of the extracellular environmen ...
... matrix using a variety of factors (e.g. matrix metalloproteinases), thus facilitating cell invasion [43,44], one of the hallmarks of cancer [9,10]. Cancer cells also destroy the extracellular matrix as a result of by-products of glycolytic metabolism [45]. Destruction of the extracellular environmen ...
This article was published in an Elsevier journal. The attached copy
... 10 min, the bioluminescent signals were quantified and recorded using an IVIS Imaging System (Xenogen) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The conditioned cell culture media (harvested before the luciferin addition) was returned to the same plate for further incubation. Measurements from the ...
... 10 min, the bioluminescent signals were quantified and recorded using an IVIS Imaging System (Xenogen) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The conditioned cell culture media (harvested before the luciferin addition) was returned to the same plate for further incubation. Measurements from the ...
Genetics of Herpes Simplex Virus Type
... Figure 2.1: Construction of mutant YEbac102s. Schematic of the strategy for the construction of pYEbac102 mutant BACs. (A) The top line represents the prototypic arrangement of the HSV-1 genome, with the unique long (UL) and unique short (US) regions flanked by the terminal repeat (TR) and internal ...
... Figure 2.1: Construction of mutant YEbac102s. Schematic of the strategy for the construction of pYEbac102 mutant BACs. (A) The top line represents the prototypic arrangement of the HSV-1 genome, with the unique long (UL) and unique short (US) regions flanked by the terminal repeat (TR) and internal ...
(2010). Tobacco mild green mosaic virus in Impatiens and
... 3. What is the recommended quarantine status of the pest in the lists of EPPO2? Not recommended for consideration for regulation as a quarantine pest by EPPO and not on the EPPO Alert List. 4. What is the reason for the PRA? There have been two confirmed cases of Tobacco mild green mosaic virus at U ...
... 3. What is the recommended quarantine status of the pest in the lists of EPPO2? Not recommended for consideration for regulation as a quarantine pest by EPPO and not on the EPPO Alert List. 4. What is the reason for the PRA? There have been two confirmed cases of Tobacco mild green mosaic virus at U ...
Akshaya Bio Inc.
... – No added adjuvant • Eliminates many adverse events • Eliminates T cell sequestration, dysfunction & deletion (Nat. Med. 2013, Lu. et al) Ease of production and scalability – Utilizes insect cell-based production • Increased antigenicity through production of the chimeric molecule in Insect Cells ...
... – No added adjuvant • Eliminates many adverse events • Eliminates T cell sequestration, dysfunction & deletion (Nat. Med. 2013, Lu. et al) Ease of production and scalability – Utilizes insect cell-based production • Increased antigenicity through production of the chimeric molecule in Insect Cells ...
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... accompanied by continuous extensive viral genetic diversification. Little is known about how virus diversification is influencing the viral replication capacity (RC) over time. The aim of this study was ...
... accompanied by continuous extensive viral genetic diversification. Little is known about how virus diversification is influencing the viral replication capacity (RC) over time. The aim of this study was ...
Small hive beetle, Aethina tumida, as a potential biological vector of
... Elzen, 2004; Neumann and Ellis, 2008) and a severe pest in some regions (USA: Elzen et al., 2000; Australia: Spiewok et al., 2007). Freeflying SHB adults invade host colonies over several kilometers, mate and reproduce within hives (Neumann and Elzen, 2004; Spiewok et al., 2008). Although the pest s ...
... Elzen, 2004; Neumann and Ellis, 2008) and a severe pest in some regions (USA: Elzen et al., 2000; Australia: Spiewok et al., 2007). Freeflying SHB adults invade host colonies over several kilometers, mate and reproduce within hives (Neumann and Elzen, 2004; Spiewok et al., 2008). Although the pest s ...
Obesity could be catching
... 3. PHRASE MATCH: Match the following phrases from the article (sometimes more than one combination is possible): a. ...
... 3. PHRASE MATCH: Match the following phrases from the article (sometimes more than one combination is possible): a. ...