Download Victory and Defeat in the Greek World ch5 sect 3

Victory and Defeat in the
Greek World Chapter 5 Section 3
Things to keep in mind
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What were the results of the Persian
and Peloponnesian wars?
Why did Athens enjoy a Golden age
under Pericles?
What led to the outbreak of the
Peloponnesian wars?
The Persian Wars
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Athens was the wealthiest Greek CityState by 500 B.C.
Threat came the Persians
Look at the map on page 113
Athens (the Acropolis)
Marathon
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Persian Emperor Darius sent a large
force to punish Athens.
Persian Army landed at Marathon
Athenian forces were outnumbered 2-1
Athenians forced the Persians to retreat
The run of Pheidippides
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Carried news of the Victory to Athens
26.2 Miles
Marathon
Died when he reached
Athens
Predicting the future
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Themistocles, the leader of Athens,
urged Athens to build a fleet of
warships to prepare
for future attacks
Xerxes sends more troops
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The son of Darius sends more troops
from the Persian Empire
Athens had joined forces with Sparta to
prevent a loss to the Persian Empire
Thermopylae
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A small mountain pass guarded by a
small Spartan force
Spartan force led by King Leonidas
Held for a long period of time but could
not withstand the force of the Persian
Army
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJZSTX0x0c (view a movie scene from 300)
Persians march on
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Attack and burn Athens, but no one is
there
Athens retreated to safety
Themistocles was right
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Using the fleet he had urged them to
build, the Athenians defeated the
Persian fleet in the Straight of Salamis
Athens defeated the Persians 1 year
later
Athens and Sparta defeated the Persian
threat
Xerxes was sure of victory. He had his throne
placed on a hill overlooking the sea, in part to
savor his victory and in part so his commanders
would know that their king was watching them.
Results of the Persian War
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Increased their belief in their superiority
Athens was the most powerful city-state
Greece is still worried about the Persian
Empire
Delian League
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Made up of Greek City States who
wanted to protect themselves from
Persia
Athens dominated the League
Moved the Treasury from Delos to
Athens
Used Delian League $ to rebuild their
city
The Delian League
The Age of Pericles
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Golden Age for Athens
Thriving economy and increased
democracy
Athenians had a Direct Democracy
Rebuilt the Acropolis
With the help of Aspasia, Pericles
turned Athens into the center of Greek
Culture
Greeks vs. Greeks
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Resentment of the Power of Athens
causes Sparta and other Greek
countries to form the Peloponnesian
League
Peloponnesian government = Oligarchy
Delian government = Democracy
A 27 year war was about to start
The Peloponnesian War
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Athens had a geographic disadvantage:
Sparta was located inland
Good thought. Bad Result.
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In an attempt to save the people
outside the city, Pericles allows
everyone inside the walls of Athens
The Plague strikes as a result of the
overcrowding
Bad leadership
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The Plague kills Pericles himself
Power Struggles in Athens undermined
the cities Democratic Government
Did not see this one
coming
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Sparta allies itself with The Persian
Empire
The Spartans defeat Athens
Sparta after the War
Will lose to Thebes, another Greek
city-state
 A new power is rising in Macedonia
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