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SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. ____ 1. A midsagittal plane vertically divides the body through the midline into two equal left and right portions or halves. ____ 2. A horizontal or transverse plane is any plane dividing the body into left and right portions. ____ 3. A sagittal plane is any plane parallel to the midsagittal or median plane vertically dividing the body into unequal right and left portions. ____ 4. The organs of any cavity are referred to as the viscera. ____ 5. The term parietal refers to the walls of a cavity. ____ 6. The ventral cavity contains organs of the nervous system. ____ 7. Our liver converts toxic ammonia to a harmless substance called urea through its enzymes. ____ 8. ____ 9. Water serves as a medium or solvent in which other reactions occur, and water is referred to as the universal solvent. ____ 10. Chloride (Cl-) is necessary for muscle contraction, as well as for building strong bones. ____ 11. Energy storage is the more common function of carbohydrates. ____ 12. Enzymes are protein catalysts that block the chemical reaction. ____ 13. The plasma membrane of cells is a selectively permeable membrane. ____ 15. Ammonia (NH3) is a by-product of the breakdown of amino acids. ATP is the high-energy fuel molecule that the cell needs in order to function. 1 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 20. a. b. One who studies the human body's structures is known as a(n) ____. pathologist c. chiropodist physiologist d. anatomist ____ 21. a. b. The term that means belly side is ____. ventral c. posterior superior d. cephalad ____ 22. Dividing the body into two equal left and right portions or halves by drawing an Imaginary line vertically through the body from head to toe creates which of the following planes? ____ a. horizontal c. midsagittal b. coronal d. transverse ____ 23. The name of the space found between the two pleural cavities that contains the heart, thymus gland, lymph and blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, and nerves is the ____. a. ventral area c. mediastinum b. pericardium d. viscera ____ 24. a. b. The term that refers to the covering on an organ is ____. visceral c. mitral pleural d. mediastinum ____ 25. a. b. The basic unit of biological organization is the ____. protoplasm c. connective tissue cell d. colloid ____ 26. ____. a. b. The tissue that covers surfaces, protects, forms glands, and lines cavities of the body is connective tissue muscle tissue c. d. nervous tissue epithelial tissue ____ 27. Tissue characterized by elongated cells that generate movement by shortening or contracting in a forcible manner is known as ____. a. connective tissue c. nervous tissue b. muscle tissue d. epithelial tissue ____ 28. The system composed of skin, hair, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands is known as the ____. a. muscular system c. integumentary system b. skeletal system d. endocrine system 2 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield ____ 29. a. b. The lymphatic system is also known as the ____. immune system c. blood circulatory system respiratory system d. endocrine system ____ 30. The body system responsible for maintaining sexual characteristics and the perpetuation of our species is the ____. a. endocrine system c. urinary system b. reproductive system d. lymphatic system ____ 31. a. b. ____ 32. Cephalad or cranial means toward the head; it is synonymous with which of the following terms? ____ a. medial c. superior b. caudal d. inferior ____ 33. ____. a. b. The study of the functions of body parts, what they do, and how they do it is known as ____ 34. a. b. The study of the diseases of the body is known as ____. anatomy c. microbiology physiology d. pathology ____ 35. a. b. One who studies diseases of the human body is a(n) ____. anatomist c. physiologist ventriloquist d. pathologist ____ 36. a. b. A chemical fuel that allows the body cells to do work and to function is known as ____. ATP c. H20 DNA d. RNA ____ 43. a. b. The universal solvent is ____. hydrogen c. water chlorine d. acid ____ 45. Which body organ converts the toxic ammonia to a harmless substance called urea through the actions of its enzymes? a. liver c. stomach b. pancreas d. kidneys ____ 46. a. b. The term that refers to the walls of a cavity is ____. parietal c. visceral mitral d. mediastinum anatomy physiology c. d. microbiology pathology The more common of the two functions of carbohydrates is ____. dissolving fats c. energy storage strengthening muscles d. insulating the body 3 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield ____ 47. a. b. 95% of the fats in the human body are ____. triglycerides c. amines enzymes d. disaccharides ____ 48. An enzyme that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being affected by the reaction is known as a ____. a. catalyst c. nucleotide b. antagonist d. pyrimidine ____ 49. a. b. Crenulate means to ____. expand c. shrivel up dissolve d. multiply ____ 55. a. b. A by-product of the breakdown of amino acids is ____. ammonia c. cortisol glucose d. carbon dioxide ____ 56. a. b. The mineral salt needed for muscle contraction and strong bones is ____. phosphate c. carbon calcium d. oxygen ____ 59. a. b. The building blocks of proteins are ____. carbohydrates c. amino acids hydrogen d. fatty acids ____ 62. A solution in which the salt concentration inside the cell is higher than outside the cell is known as ____. a. hypertonic c. isotonic b. hypotonic d. base ____ 63. A solution in which the salt concentration is greater outside the cell than inside the cell is known as ____. a. hypertonic c. isotonic b. hypotonic d. base ____ 64. A solution in which the salt concentration outside a cell is the same as that inside the cell is known as ____. a. hypertonic c. isotonic b. hypotonic d. base ____ 65. a. b. Distilled pure water has a pH of 7 and is classified as ____. acid c. hypertonic base d. neutral 4 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield Matching a. b. c. Match each statement with the correct item below. ductless glands d. muscles, fasciae epidermis and dermis e. brain, spinal cord bones, cartilage ____ 66. integumentary system ____ 67. skeletal system ____ 68. muscular system ____ 69. nervous system ____ 70. endocrine system Match each statement with the correct item below. a. b. c. alimentary canal kidneys, ureters, bladder heart, arteries, veins ____ 71. cardiovascular system ____ 72. lymphatic system ____ 73. respiratory system ____ 74. digestive system ____ 75. urinary system d. e. lymph nodes, thymus, spleen trachea, bronchi, lungs 5 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield Skin-Integumentary System True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. ____ 1. Mast cells function in the production of heparin and histamine. ____ 2. Adipose tissue is tightly packed, dense connective tissue. ____ 3. The main role of lymphoid tissue is the production of antibodies to protect us from disease and foreign microorganisms. ____ 4. Specialized connective tissue that lines the cavities of freely moving joints is called synovial membrane. ____ 5. ____ 6. Striated muscle is involuntary muscle and is not under the control of the central nervous system. ____ 7. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. ____ 8. Loose connective tissue has fibers that are tightly woven among themselves. ____ 9. The chondrocyte is a type of cell found in areolar tissue. ____ 10. The skin weighs about six pounds. ____ 11. The deepest, most important layer of the skin, which contains the only cells of the epidermis that are capable of dividing by mitosis, is the stratum germinativum. ____ 12. ____ 13. The most common type of skin cancer, which produces an open ulcer that can easily be treated with radiation therapy or surgical removal, is malignant melanoma. ____ 14. ____ 15. Blood vessels, nerves, lymph vessels, smooth muscles, sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands are all embedded in the dermis. ____ 16. Hair, in addition to mammary glands, is a main characteristic of all mammals. ____ 17. Hair growth begins in the shaft. ____ 18. When you wash your hair, it can be elongated to three times its normal length due to the weight of the water on the hair. 19. Sweat itself is practically odorless. ____ The basic characteristic of muscle tissue is its ability to shorten and thicken, or contract. Sweat glands are most numerous in the soles of the feet and the elbows. The stratum corneum forms the outermost layer of the epidermis. 6 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield ____ 20. Normal skin is impermeable to water, carbohydrates, fat, and protein. ____ 21. The acidity of the skin will not kill most bacteria and other microorganisms that make contact with the skin. ____ 22. The most dangerous type of skin cancer is malignant melanoma. ____ 23. Warts are caused by the herpes simplex virus. ____ 24. Sebum has antifungal and antibacterial properties. ____ 25. A decrease in sebum secretion is responsible for sagging and wrinkling skin. ____ 26. The elderly may become sensitive to the cold due to poor blood circulation in the dermis. ____ 27. Ringworm is caused by several species of the herpes zoster virus. ____ 28. Impetigo is caused by the human papillomavirus. Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 29. Epithelial cells are anchored to each other and to underlying tissues by a specialized membrane called the ____. a. basement membrane c. organelles b. peritoneum d. columnar cells ____ 30. Glands that have ducts that lead the secreted material away from the gland to the surface of a passageway or the skin are known as ____. a. endocrine glands c. ceruminous glands b. sebaceous glands d. exocrine glands ____ 31. a. b. Ductless glands that secrete hormones are known as ____. endocrine glands c. ceruminous glands sebaceous glands d. exocrine glands ____ 32. a. b. The serous membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity is the ____. endocardium c. peritoneum pleura d. pericardium 7 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield ____ 33. a. b. ____ 34. The fatty tissue that acts as a firm, protective packing around and between organs is known as ____. a. areolar tissue c. muscle tissue b. adipose tissue d. reticular tissue ____ 35. The loose connective tissue cells that function in the production of heparin and histamine are ____. a. fibroblasts c. mast cells b. histiocytes d. goblet cells ____ 36. a. b. The serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is the ____. pleura c. pericardium peritoneum d. endocardium ____ 37. a. b. The connective tissue covering a whole muscle is called ____. areolar tissue c. dentin fascia d. adipose tissue ____ 38. The epithelial cells that are flat and slightly irregular in shape, serving as a protective layer, are called ____. a. cuboidal cells c. squamous cells b. columnar cells d. transitional cells ____ 39. a. b. The epithelial cells that look like small cubes are called ____. cuboidal cells c. squamous cells columnar cells d. transitional cells ____ 40. a. b. The epithelial cells that are tall and rectangular-looking are called ____. cuboidal cells c. squamous cells columnar cells d. transitional cells ____ 41. The type of membrane that lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts is ____. a. endothelium c. mucous membrane b. glandular epithelium d. pseudostratified membrane ____ 42. a. b. The special name given to the epithelium that lines the circulatory system is ____. endothelium c. mucous membrane glandular epithelium d. pseudostratified membrane ____ 43. a. b. 44. The serous membrane that covers the heart is called the ____. pleura c. pericardium peritoneum d. endocardium Cells of cartilage that are large and round with spherical nuclei are called ____. ____ The inner lining of the heart is called the ____. endocardium c. peritoneum pleura d. pericardium 8 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet a. b. goblet cells histiocytes ____ 45. a. b. An arrangement of epithelial cells that is several layers thick is called ____. simple c. stratified membranal d. serous ____ 46. a. b. Which of the following are the cells of bone tissue? osteocyte c. fibroblast chondrocyte d. neuron ____ 47. a. b. The outermost layer of the skin is called the ____. subcutaneous layer c. dermis epidermis d. fascia ____ 48. a. b. The pigment responsible for variations in skin coloring is ____. melanin c. carotene cerumen d. keratin ____ 49. Individuals who have no pigment in their skin or appendages of the skin, with resultant white hair, pink eyes, and very fair skin, suffer from a condition known as ____. a. cyanosis c. xanthoderma b. full-thickness burn d. albinism ____ 50. A burn that involves only the epidermis, has symptoms of redness, pain, and slight swelling, and can heal in about seven days without scarring is known as a ____. a. first-degree burn c. third-degree burn b. second-degree burn d. fourth-degree burn ____ 51. A burn that involves both the epidermis and the dermis, has symptoms of redness, pain, swelling, and blisters, and can take up to two weeks to heal without scarring is known as a ____. a. first-degree burn c. third-degree burn b. second-degree burn d. fourth-degree burn ____ 52. A burn that completely destroys the epidermis and the dermis and usually requires skin grafts is known as a ____. a. first-degree burn c. third-degree burn b. second-degree burn d. fourth-degree burn ____ 53. A chronic skin disorder that is characterized by red patches covered with thick, dry, silvery scales is ____. a. psoriasis c. eczema b. impetigo d. shingles ____ 54. The same virus that causes chicken pox causes ____. a. measles c. shingles b. mumps b. warts 55. A highly contagious, staphylococcal skin disease of children, characterized by small blisters containing pus that rupture easily and produce a honey-colored crust, is known as ____. ____ c. d. CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield chondrocytes Kupffer’s cells 9 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet c. d. CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield a. b. psoriasis impetigo cold sores scabies ____ 56. a. b. The most common type of skin cancer is ____. basal cell carcinoma c. adenocarcinoma squamous cell carcinoma d. malignant melanoma ____ 57. a. b. First- and second-degree burns can also be categorized as ____. full-thickness burns c. partial-thickness burns major burns d. sterile burns ____ 58. a. b. Sebaceous glands develop along the walls of hair follicles and produce ____. sebum c. hormones cerumen d. sweat ____ 59. An acquired skin disease resulting in irregular patches of skin of various sizes completely lacking in any pigmentation is known as ____. a. albinism c. impetigo b. vitiligo d. eczema ____ 60. The layer of skin that lies directly beneath the epidermis and is often referred to as the true skin is the ____. a. dermis c. squamous cell layer b. subcutaneous layer d. fascia ____ 61. a. b. The visible portion of the hair is the ____. root c. bulb shaft d. lunula ____ 62. a. b. The skin is actively involved in the production of ____. vitamin A c. vitamin C vitamin B d. vitamin D ____ 63. The process of keratin formation in cells as they move up toward the surface is known as ____. a. keratinization c. maturation b. shedding d. germination ____ 64. a. b. The outermost layer of the epidermis is the ____. strata c. stratum corneum stratum lucidum d. stratum spinosum 10 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield Matching Match each statement with the correct item below. a. b. c. cells of cartilage hardest substance in the body inflammatory substance ____ 66. heparin ____ 67. histamine ____ 68. chondrocytes ____ 69. ossification ____ 70. enamel d. e. formation of bone anticoagulant Match each statement with the correct item below. a. b. c. blood-forming tissue white blood cells supports the neuron ____ 71. marrow ____ 72. erythrocytes ____ 73. leukocytes ____ 74. neuron ____ 75. neuroglia d. e. red blood cells conducting cell 11 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield a. b. c. d. e. Match each statement with the correct item below. type of epithelium that lines digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts type of epithelium that lines the circulatory system type of epithelium that lines great cavities of the body with no openings to the outside type of epithelium that forms glands type of tissue that allows movement and provides support for other tissue ____ 76. mesothelium or serous tissue ____ 77. mucous membrane ____ 78. glandular epithelium ____ 79. endothelium ____ 80. connective tissue Match each statement with the correct item below. a. b. c. lubricates the surface of the skin skin pigment white crescent of the nail ____ 81. melanin ____ 82. sebum ____ 83. cyanosis ____ 84. shaft ____ 85. lunula d. e. visible portion of the hair blue or ashen color to the skin 12 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield Match each statement with the correct item below. a. b. c. d. e. subcutaneous tissue epidermis and dermis are completely destroyed involves only the epidermis corium involves epidermis and dermis, causes blister formation ____ 86. dermis ____ 87. first-degree burn ____ 88. second-degree burn ____ 89. third-degree burn ____ 90. hypodermis d. Match each statement with the correct item below. specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin doctor who specializes in corrective cosmetic surgery specialist concerned with inflammatory responses of the skin and reactions of the immune system these individuals have careers as make-up artists and hair stylists ____ 91. plastic surgeon ____ 92. allergist ____ 93. cosmetologist ____ 94. dermatologist a. b. c. 13 SCI 102 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Test One Worksheet CHARTER COLLEGE Dr. Woodfield Identify the following: 1) The region that contains adipose tissue is indicated by letter __________. 2) The hair follicle is indicated by letter __________. 3) The structure that is responsible for whorled ridges on the epidermal surfaces is indicated by letter __________. 4) The structure that pulls the hair follicle into an upright position is indicated by letter __________. 5) The gland that produces a mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells is indicated by label __________. 6) The gland that produces sweat is indicated by label __________. 14