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Download VOLCANOES STUDY GUIDE Test 1/14/15 Key Words • Volcano
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VOLCANOES STUDY GUIDE Test 1/14/15 Key Words Volcano-opening in Earth’s crust where one plate goes over another plate Lava-magma that reaches Earth’s surface Island chain-line of volcanic mountains Hot spot-stationary pool of magma Island arc-where an ocean-floor plate is pushed under another ocean-floor plate Types of Volcanoes Active volcano-currently erupting or has recently erupted Dormant volcano-has not erupted in a long time Extinct volcano-has stopped erupting Shield Volcano-built by thinner, fluid lava that spreads over a large area Cinder-Cone Volcanoes-built by thick lava, cone shape mountain, steep sides Composite Volcanoes-built by layers of ash and cinders sandwiched between layers of hardened lava Need to know Most of Earth’s volcanoes are located at edges of plates. A string of volcanoes at plate boundaries around the Pacific Ocean is known as the Ring of Fire. The hot rock sometimes erupts through openings in Earth’s surface as a vent. Magma pushed into a thick sill can form a dike. The largest underground magma formations are batholiths. When mountains grow high enough to break the ocean’s surface, they become volcanic islands.