Download intro to middle ages and byzantines

Introduction to the
Middle Ages
476-1400 A.D.
(Dark Ages: 476-1000)
THE MIDDLE AGES BEGINS WITH
THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.
WHAT CAUSED THE EMPIRE TO
COLLAPSE?
Economic
Problems
-Poor
Harvests
-Taxes
-Disruption
of Trade
Military
Problems
-Few
Recruits
-Disloyal
Mercenaries
Political
Problems
-Division of the
Empire by
Diocletian
-Moving capital
by Constantine
(Constantinople)
Invasions
-Germanic
Tribes:
Huns,
Visigoths,
Vandals
This resulted in the loss of the
Western Empire. The Eastern
Empire continues as the
Byzantine Empire.
The Byzantine
Empire
“New Rome”
Byzantium – Constantinople - Istanbul
The Roman Empire Divided in 294
Constantine’s City--Constantinople
Barbarian Invasions of the Roman Empire
Constantinople: A Greek City
(Istanbul Today)
Sunset on the “Golden Horn”
Emperor Justinian [r. 527-564]
Emperor Justinian [r. 527-564]
Based on our previous discussions on power and leadership:
Do you consider Justinian a strong leader or a
weak leader? Why?
Do you consider Justinian a responsible leader?
Why or why not?
Empress Theodora
Justinian’s Empire at its Peak
Church of Hagia Sophia [Holy Wisdom]
Interior of the Church of Hagia Sophia
Justinian’s Code
Corpus Juris Civilis:
1. Digest
2. Code
3. Institutes
-served as the legal basis for criminal justice, marriage, property,
slavery, & women’s rights.
-one of the most important legacies of the Byzantine Empire &
served as the basis for laws for the next 900 years.
Byzantine & Sassanid Empires, 6c
6c
Arabia:
?
A Threat
to the
Great
Empires ?
III.
The Roman Civilization collapsed and
was now ruled by barbarians.
IV.
Trade was disrupted by constant
warfare and cities began to disappear.
V.
Literacy and the common language
began to disappear. German and Latin
combined to form new dialects.
VI. The government changed. People were no
longer loyal to an “emperor” or “empire.”
Family ties and personal loyalty were very
important. Most people followed a “Leader”
and gave that person their loyalty.
Charlemagne [i.e. Charles the Great]
*On Christmas Day in 800, crowned by Pope Leo III
Holy Roman Emperor.
How was Charlemagne able to successfully unite
the various Germanic tribes as part of the
growing Carolingian Empire?
• VII. Christianity and the Roman Catholic
Church grew. Monasteries formed and
preserved part of Rome’s intellectual
heritage. This growth marked the beginning
of influence by the Church and the Pope in
political matters. The church and state
joined together to rule a kingdom/territory.
Read your assigned
document using the
CLOSE READING
strategies we’ve practiced
this year. Answer the
question(s) indicated.
Based on the documents,
what can we learn about the
power of the Pope in
Christendom (Europe)?
The Middle Ages were a time of great change
and a new kind of society developed in
Western Europe with three elements:
1.
Heritages of Rome, Greece and Egypt
2. Beliefs in Christianity
3. Customs of the different Germanic
tribes
Emperor Charlemagne’s Epitaph
Epitaph- an inscription in
verse or prose upon a tomb;
and, by extension, anything
written as if to be inscribed
on a tomb.
In your group, create an
epitaph for Charlemagne’s
tomb.
Requirements:
- Poetic
- > 4 lines long
- Group Participation
- Addresses 2 specific
accomplishments
Emperor Charlemagne
Use the diagram
provided to create a
body biography of
Emperor Charlemagne.
What would he think about?
What would he say? What
would be in his heart? What
could you place in his hands
to symbolize his
accomplishment? Where
would his feet go? Dress
Charlemagne according to
his position.