Download Engineering an Empire – The Byzantines

Name _________________________________ Date ____________________________ Pd ________
Engineering an Empire – The Byzantines
arch
Asia
bankruptcy
Basil II
Black Sea
Theodora
blinded
Bosporus
cannons
Christianity
Constantine
walls
dome
earthquake
Europe
Hagia Sophia
Hippodrome
Istanbul
horseback
Justinian
mayhem
Mediterranean Sea
Nova Roma
Constantinople
1. The ancient Greek city-state of Byzantium was founded in the late 7th century BCE. It was located
on the __________________ Strait. This site was chosen because it connects two continents –
_____________________ and __________________, and two important bodies of water – the
____________________ and the _____________________.
2. Nine hundred years later in the early 4th century CE, the city was re-built by the emperor
___________________. Although it was built to be ____________________ (New Rome), it was
named after its founder and was called _________________________.
3. The new city did not reflect the heritage of the old Greek and Roman pagan gods; instead it
reflected ___________________, the religion of its founder.
4. What practical problem faced the growing population of Constantinople, and what solution was
constructed during the reign of the Emperor Valens to address this problem?
5. Indicative of the architectural legacy of the Roman Empire, the most significant architectural
feature of the aqueducts was the _________________________.
6. The subject matter of the symbols and carvings on the Byzantine aqueducts was different from
those carved on the aqueducts of Classical Rome. Discuss how this difference reflected a
fundamental difference between the old Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire.
7. When threatened by attacks from the Huns, the emperors and engineers of Constantinople
constructed a concentric series of _____________________ to repel enemy troops. The engineers
used limestone mortar in the construction to provide a slight amount of flexibility in case of a
devastating __________________________.
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Name _________________________________ Date ____________________________ Pd ________
8. Like the later Mongols, the Huns were experts in fighting on _____________________________.
9. After the “fall” of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE, the Eastern Roman Empire continued.
The emperor ______________________________ tried to re-create the glory of the Roman
Empire. Upon taking the throne as the new emperor, Justinian named his wife,
________________________, to be a co-ruler.
TERMINOLOGY NOT USED IN THE VIDEO – Justinian was an autocrat. This means
that not only was he a monarch, but he was a monarch that ruled with complete authority
over both the government and the church.
10. The high taxes and strict laws of Justinian prompted the people of Constantinople to riot after a
sporting event (chariot races) at the ______________________________. The supporters of the
colorful teams (Reds/Greens/Whites/Blues) took the riots to the streets resulting in
_______________________________.
11. Although he was going to flee for safety, Justinian listened to his wife Theodora and stayed. What
was his response to the riots a week later?
12. The riots burned a large part of the city. Within a few weeks of the riots (and the massacre),
Justinian started construction of the Church of Holy Wisdom, called ________________________.
The dominant architectural feature of the Church is a massive _____________________ that was
enlarged after it first collapsed.
13. The costs of the building and military campaigns left the Byzantine Empire in
_________________________________ that lasted for hundreds of years.
IMPORTANT LEGACY of JUSTINIAN NOT DISCUSSED IN VIDEO – Justinian had his
legal consultants gather and codify all Roman laws into the Code of Civil Law (CORPUS
JURIS CIVILIS). This is usually referred to as Justinian’s Code. The laws formed the basis of
law in Western Europe, the British Isles and the New World. The actual law books can be
found in the library of every law firm in America, because the laws are still used today.
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Name _________________________________ Date ____________________________ Pd ________
14. The story of the Byzantine Empire jumps almost 400 years to the 10th century CE. A strong
Byzantine emperor, ___________________________, suffered a military defeat early in his reign
at the hands of the Bulgarian king.
15. After many years on the throne the emperor wanted to seek revenge on his neighboring enemy –
the Bulgarians. In 1014 the Byzantine emperor defeated the Bulgarians and captured 14,000
prisoners. He _________________________________________ all of them. Leaving every 100th
man with one eye.
16. Why didn’t he just kill them?
17. The Byzantine Empire continued another 500 years. The territory of the empire decreased in size
because of enemy attacks, but the city of Constantinople was protected by its walls until 1453
when the Ottomans used _______________________________________ to bring down the wall.
18. The name of Constantinople changed to ____________________________________ after the
Muslims took control of the city.
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