Download MOLECULES OF LIFE

Name ______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________
Chapter Review
MOLECULES OF LIFE
VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the following pairs of
terms.
1. monosaccharide, polysaccharide _______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. amino acid, protein _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. nucleotide, nucleic acid ______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.
_____ 1. Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are
a. monosaccharides. b. disaccharides. c. polysaccharides. d. simple sugars.
_____ 2. The different shapes and functions of different proteins are determined by
a. the R groups of the amino acids
c. the carboxyl groups of the amino acids
they contain.
They contain.
b. the amino groups of the amino
d. whether or not they contain any amino
acids they contain.
acids.
_____ 3. Most enzymes
a. are changed by the reactions
they catalyze.
b. increase the activation energy
of the reactions they catalyze
c. strengthen the chemical bonds in
their substrate.
d. are sensitive to changes in temperature and
pH
_____ 4. The large numbers of carbon-hydrogen bonds in lipids
a. make lipids polar.
c. allow lipids to dissolve in water
b. store more energy than the carbond. are found in the carboxyl group at the end
oxygen bonds in other organic compounds
of the lipid.
_____ 5. The most important function of nucleic acids is
a. catalyzing chemical reactions.
c. storing energy.
b. forming a barrier between the
d. storing information related to
inside and outside of the cell.
heredity and protein synthesis.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
17
Molecules of Life
Name ______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________
MATCHING: match the class of organic compounds with their examples.
____ 1. Lipids
a. DNA and RNA
____ 2. Carbohydrates
b. sugars and starches
____ 3. Nucleic acids
c. fats and oils
____ 4. Proteins
d. antibodies, enzymes, pigments
SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
1. Steroids belong to which class of organic compounds? ___________________
2. Give two examples of steroids.______ ___________________________________
3. Which class of organic compounds is the primary energy source for living organisms?
____________________________
4. Waxes belong to which class of organic compounds? _____________________
5. Critical Thinking. Insects that live on land have a coating of wax on the outer surface of their
body. What function might the wax serve for these animals? _________________
_________________________________________________________________
6. What compound (specifically) composes most of a cell’s membrane? ___________________
7. What is a “monomer”? ________________________________________________________
8. What is a “polymer”? _________________________________________________________
9. What are the monomers that make up proteins? ____________________. How many of these are
there? ________.
10. What are the monomers that make up starches (polysaccharides)? _______________
11. What are the storage and quick-energy forms of carbohydrates found in animals, and how are
these forms structurally related to each other? _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
12. What are the monomers that make up nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)? __________________
How many of these are there? _________.
LABEL the diagram below, showing the interaction of an enzyme and its substrate during a chemical
reaction.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Biology
18
Molecules of Life