Download Circulatory System

Circulatory System
Wade Scott
Anatomy and Physiology
Mrs. Simmons
May 20, 2015
What is the circulatory system?
• Also known as the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
• Referred to as the “TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEM”
• Includes the heart blood vessels and blood.
• Transports oxygen and nutrients to the body
cells.
• Transports carbon dioxide and metabolic
materials away from the body cells.
The Heart
HEART
• Weighs less than 1 lb.
• Is approximately the size of closed fist
• Contracts 100,000 times each day
• Pumps 2000 gallons of blood through
the body
Layers of the Heart
3 layers of tissue form the heart
1. Endocardium-is the smooth layer of skin that
lines the inside of the heart (Allows for the
smooth flow of blood)
2. Myocardium- muscular middle layer
3. Pericardium- A double layered sack that covers
the outside of the heart
Four Chambers
1. Right Atrium- receives blood as it returns from
the body cells
2. Right Ventricle- receives blood from the right
atrium and pumps blood into the pulmonary
artery, which carries the blood to the lungs for
oxygen
3. Left Atrium-receives oxygenated blood from
the lungs
4. Left Ventricle-receives blood from the left
atrium and pumps the blood into the aorta for
transport to the body cells
One-Way Valves
TRICUSPID
Located between the right atrium and the right
ventricle
Allows blood to flow from the lungs
Prevents the blood from flowing back into the right
atrium
PULMONARY
Located between the right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
Closes when the right ventricle finishes contracting
Prevents blood from going back into the right ventricle
One-Way Valves Continued
MITRAL
Located between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Closes when the ventricle is contracting
Allows the blood to flow into the aorta
Prevents the blood from flowing back into the left atrium
AORTIC
Located between the left ventricle and the aorta
Largest artery in the body
Closes when the ventricle is finished contracting
Allows blood to flow into the aorta
Prevents blood from flowing back into left ventricle
Cardiac Cycle
HAS TWO MAIN PARTS
DAISTOLE- this is a brief period of rest
SYSTOLE- this is a ventricular
contraction
BLOOD VESSELS
3 MAIN TYPES
1. Arteries- these carry blood away from the
heart
The AORTA is the largest artery in the
body. It receives blood from the left ventricle of
the heart.
2. Capillaries- connect arterioles with venules and
are located in close proximity to almost every
cell in the body—they have thin walls that
contain only one layer of cells
3. Veins- blood vessels that carry blood back to
the heart
Arteries
• Aorta is the largest artery in the body and
receives blood from the left ventricle.
• Branches into all other arteries
• The smallest branches are known as artieoles
Veins
• Smallest branches are called venules
• They form largest veins the superior and inferior
vena cava
Blood Composition
Blood Composition
• There are 4-6 quarts of blood in a
average adults body
• Blood is made up of plasma and
formed by blood cells
• Plasma is approximately 90% water
Blood Cells
• There are three main types of blood
cells
• Erythrocytes are red blood cells that
are produced in the red bone marrow
at a rate of about one million per
minute. They live approximately 120
day.
Blood cells cont.
• Leukocytes are white blood cells they
are not as numerous as erythrocytes.
They are formed in the bone marrow
and lymph tissue. They usually live 39 days
• A normal count is 5,000-9,000 per
cubic millimeter
• There main function is to fight
infection
Blood cell cont
• Thrombocytes are also known as
platelets
• They are formed in the bon marrow
and live for 5-9 days
• A normal thrombocyte count is
250,000-400,000
• They are important for the clotting
process to prevent bleeding
Work cited
• http://www.livescience.com/22486-circulatory-system.html
• http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect
20.htm
• Diversified health occupation seventh edition. Louise
Simmers.
Karen Simmers-Nartker . Sharon Simmers-Kobelak