Download Diapositiva 1

HERE WE ARE!
We are students coming from the scientific high
school of Lodi, “Gandini”.
We join in this project called “C.L.I.L.”,
trying to teach you something about
EVOLUTION.
by:
Lisa,Matilde,Giulia,Amina,Mattia,Danilo,Samuele,Alessandro,A
gostino
C.L.I.L. project
 What does C.L.I.L. mean ?
Content
Language
Integrated
Learning
The Achievements
 Science in English
 Improve your English
 Learn about evolution, natural selection
and darwinism
is a change in the genetic composition of
population during successive generations,
often resulting in the development of new
species.
MUTATION
TRAIT
HABITAT
SURVIVAL
GENE
IT’S A PART
OF A CELL
THAT IS
PASSED FROM
GENERATION
TO
GENERATION
AND THAT
CONTROLS
REPRODUCTION
IT IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING
A NEW ORGANISM
HERITABLE
ALL THE
CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE
PASSED FROM PARENTS TO
A CHILD THROUGH THE
GENES
SURVIVAL
CONTINUING TO LIVE ALTHOUGH
DANGEROUS SITUATIONS
MUTATIO
N
THE WAY IN
WHICH GENES
CHANGE AND
PRODUCE
PERMANENT
DIFFERENCES
SPECIES
A GROUP OF
PLANTS OR
ANIMALS
THAT ARE
THE SAME
IN SOME
WAY
TRAITS
A PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTIC THAT CAN PRODUCE A PARTICULAR TYPE
OF BEHAVIOUR
HABITAT
THE NATURAL EnVIRONMENT IN
WHICH AN ORGANISM USUALLY
LIVES
D N A
A NUCLEIC ACID THAT CARRIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION IN
CELLS.
IT CONSISTS of TWO LONG CHAINS OF NUCLEOTIDES WITH
COMPLEMENTARy BASES,
-ADENINE AND THYMINE
-CYTOSINE AND GUANINE
THE GENETIC
CODE
THE TRIPLETS FORMED
BY NUCLEOTIDES ARE
THE BASE OF THE
GENETIC CODE.
THIS CODE IS USED TO
TRANSLATE GENETIC
MATERIAL INTO
PROTEINS.
GENOTYPE and
PHENOTYPE
WHICH IS THE DIFFERENCE?
GENOTYPE
GENE
PHENOTYPE
ALLEL
=
a member
of genes that controls one
specific trait on the
chromosome
GENOTYPE:
The entire set of genes in an organism. It is your complete heritable
genetic identity.
PHENOTYPE:
The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the
genotype and the environment.
«THEORY OF INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS»
An organism changes during his life and those changes, made by
what they want or need, are passed on to its offspring
What about his theory?
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Beings evolve following
thier necessity to
adapt to different
environnement conditions
To adapt themselves,
beings develope the use
of specific organs
Species modify their
features to transmit
them to the prole
The best example of Lamarck’s theory is about giraffes. Lamarck believed
that giraffes stretched their necks to reach food. Their offspring and later
generations inherited the resulting long necks.
• From 1831-1836, a
young naturalist called
Charles Darwin toured
the world in HMS
Beagle.
• He was surprised by the
amazing diversity of
life and started to
wonder how it might
have originated
THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
BY DARWIN
It consisted of two points:
1. Evolution is the process by
which a group of animals
descended from one or a few
common ancestors
2. The mechanism by which
this evolution take place is
called natural selection
Natural Selection
This exemple teaches
the meaning of
Darwin’s natural
selection. The birds
with better beack,
alive. The birds with
a worse beak, die. So
only the birds with
better beack, still
alive; other birds, will
extinguish
The tree of life is a
metaphor used to
describe the
relationship between
organisms both living
and extinct.