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Introduction to Psychology Class 6: Nature and Nurture Myers: Pages 75-85, 90-93 June 20th, 2006 Definition Nature: Genetic and various inborn biological factors Nurture: Any non-genetic/ environmental factor - Prenatal environment Early experience Peer influence Culture Behavior Genetics: The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior Classification Predominantly genetic - Eye color, blood type Predominantly environmental - Language, religion Interactional - Height, weight, skin color, IQ test results Phenotype, Genotype The phenotype of an organism is its total physical appearance and constitution or a trait or a behavior The genotype of an organism is the specific genetic makeup in the form of DNA Heritability Genotype + Environment Phenotype HERITABILITY Twin Studies: Identical twins (MZ) have the same genotype and fetal environment and so differences are solely due to environmental factors Schizophrenia So it is highly heritable But the environment is important - Stress - Urbanization Hutchinson & Haasen (2004) study of W. European immigrants “Nurture” may be a trigger to express “nature” IQ Gender John or Joan?