Download Journal - neutralization

Eden High School
Grade 10 Academic Science (SNC 2D1)
Chemistry - Journal Assignment
The Uses of Neutralization
Introduction
ist10_ch05.qxd
7/22/09
3:33 PM
Page 212
As we have discussed, chemistry is a very important part of our lives because of its many applications. Though they can
be toxic, acids and bases are commonly used chemicals in our society. In this assignment you will research and read
about different ways that Acid-Base chemistry is connected to everyday life. You can use Chapter 5.2, internet research
or other resources to complete the assignment.
Assignment
Suggested STSE Activity •
arsenic into the environment, an eight-hectare tailings pond was capped
with half a metre of crushed limestone (calcium carbonate) to raise the
Read the following article and complete the questions.
pH and reduce the amount of acid leaching. Acid leaching at this old
a. Why was calcium hydroxide added to the
(1) contaminated the water in the area with heavy metals
goldriver?
mine had
b. Write a balanced skeleton equation for and
thisthe
reaction.
(1)
poison arsenic.
B19 Inquiry Activity on page 214
1.
c.
Should acids be transported large distances? Why or why not? Give at least two reasons. (2)
B16
STSE Science, Technology, Society, and the Environment
Transporting Acids
On March 30, 2007, two dozen cars of an Ontario
Northland train jumped the tracks about 16 km north
of Englehart, a community of about 1500 people north
of North Bay, Ontario. Nine of the cars were carrying
sulphuric acid. Over 100 tonnes (100 000 kg) of acid
spilled into the Blanche River (Figure 5.26). This
massive acid spill quickly killed fish and other
organisms in or by the shores of the river. Health
officials from Ontario’s Ministry of the Environment were
also concerned that the drinking water for the people
and livestock in the area would be contaminated.
To monitor the damage caused by the acid spill,
health officers immediately began to take water and
soil samples at the spill site. To reduce the
environmental impact, emergency response crews
added kilogram amounts of lime (calcium hydroxide,
Ca(OH)2) to the river several kilometres upstream.
Figure 5.26 Sulphuric acid was released into the Blanche
River when tank cars overturned, spilling their contents.
1. Why was calcium hydroxide added to the river?
Use a word equation and a skeleton equation in
your answer.
2. Should acids be transported large distances? Why
or why not?
2. Identify two other applications
neutralization
commonly seen in everyday life and answer the following questions for
Activity
B17 SkillofBuilder
each example. (2 x 3 = 6)
a. Describe why
the process
of neutralization is required in this situation.(2)
Making
an Inference
b. What happens if this process is not used? (2)
c. Write the word
equation
for will
each
specific
neutralization.
Include
the
base
and salt
In Activity
B18, you
be making
inferences.
An
For each of
theacid,
following
situations,
writeproduced.
an inference (2)
3.
4.
inference is a conclusion made by analyzing facts.
based on the given data. If there isn’t enough data to
When
you
draw
conclusions
about
the
observations
justify an inference, write a sentence to explain why.
Acid rain is a problem in our modern society.
you
make
in
a
scientific
investigation,
you
are
making
a. Identify a specific Northern Lake that has documented issues
with
1. The
juiceacid
storedrain.
in the(1)
back of the bottom shelf of
inferences.for
Anyour
inference
is a logical
of facts, (1)
b. Submit a reference
research
in analysis
MLA format.
the refrigerator is frozen. What can you infer about
it can
always be justified by those facts.
the temperature in the refrigerator?
c. According tosothis
article:
For example, an advertisement states that 20 out
1) Describe the local industries or other problems in the
environmental
have
this.like
(2)
2. Your
cake comes outthat
of the
oven cause
looking more
of 25 people prefer Brand A cola over Brand B. Can
2) What steps have or are being taken to fix the problem?
(2) than a light, fluffy cake. What can you
a pancake
you infer that 80 percent of all people prefer Brand A
infer about the length of the baking time?
cola? No, because you do not know how many people
Though acid rain is of
major
concern
inthese
the Northern
thatinLake
Ontario
and Lake
10 dentists
recommend
BrandErie
X do not
were
interviewed
or how
people were Lakes,
chosen. why is3.itEight
same issues? Explain.
toothpaste for reducing cavities. What can you
Were(2)
they chosen at random, or were they all regular
infer about this toothpaste?
buyers of Brand A cola? Without this information,
there is not enough data to make an inference.
212
UNIT B
Chemical Reactions
have the