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Name:_______________________
Vocabulary to know:
• Ecology
• Ecosystem
• Abiotic Factors
• Biotic Factors
• Communities
• Population
• Niche
• Autotrophs
Unit 10 Ecology Study Guide
CP Biology
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Heterotrophs
Decomposers
Demography
Dispersion
Growth Rate
Carrying Capacity
Keystone Species
Introduced Species
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Producers
Consumers
Food Chain
Food Web
Chemosynthesis
Biological
Magnification
Eutrophication
1. Population Growth
a. What is carrying capacity?
b. Draw a graph with carrying capacity:
c. Draw a graph showing exponential growth.
d. What are the factors that limit the size of a population?
2. Ecology
a. What is the definition of ecology?
b. What is an abiotic factor? Give examples
c. What is a biotic factor? Give examples.
d. Compare producers and consumers.
e. Compare heterotrophs and autotrophs.
f.
Put the following in order of who eats who: primary consumers, tertiary consumer,
producer, secondary consumer.
g. Put the following in order of the largest to fewest in number in an ecosystem: primary
consumers, tertiary consumer, producer, secondary consumer.
h. What breaks down dead organisms?
i.
What is a trophic level?
j.
Only 10% of energy stored at each trophic level in an ecosystem can be passed into the
next trophic level. What happens to the remaining energy?
k. What would organisms in the same trophic level compete for?
l.
Which group (consumer, producer) has the most total energy and why?
m. Explain why two species are not able to occupy the niche?
n. Completive exclusion states that “two species competing for the same resources cannot
coexist.” When is competitive exclusion most likely to occur?
o. True or False: In order to be in competition you must be in similar niches and what the
same food.
3. Ocean Floor Vent Communities
a. What type of chemical is produced in ocean floor vents?
b. Compare chemosynthesis to photosynthesis?
c. Which is more common in plants: chemosynthesis or photosynthesis?
d. Which organisms use chemosynthesis to produce energy without sunlight?
4. Energy Cycles
a. What is released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels?
b. What is acid rain?
c. How does acid rain affect organisms?
d. Describe the following steps of the water cycle:
- Evaporation:
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Condensation:
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Precipitation:
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Transpiration:
5. Nitrogen Cycle
a. What is the more common name for a prokaryote?
b. What type of organisms are nitrogen fixers? And what do they do?
c. How do legumes fit into the nitrogen cycle?
d. Most fixed nitrogen coming from bacteria living a symbiotic relationship with which
organisms?
e. What is eutrophication and how does it affect species?
f.
What major nutrient do plants need to grow?
6. Keystone Species
a. What happens to an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed?
7. Biological Magnification
a. What is biological magnification AND what organism is most affected?
8. Relationships (from reading)
a. Fill in the following chart:
Definition
Benefits one
species?
Commensalism
Mutualism
Predation
Parasitism
b. What is mimicry and give an example.
c. What is competition and when would it happen?
Benefits the
other?
Example