Download Biology 3B Exam 3 Stuff Here`s a quick list of items for the next exam

Biology 3B
Exam 3 Stuff
Here’s a quick list of items for the next exam.
Chapter 11 – Cell Communication
• Stages of cell signaling (reception, transduction and response)
• Local vs long distance signaling
• Mobile vs fixed receptor model
• G-protein, tyrosine kinase and ion channel receptors
• First & secondary messengers – what are they and how they work
• Apoptosis?
Chapter 40 – animal form and function
• 4 types of tissues and subcategories (types of cells found and functions)
• Homeostasis – positive & negative feedback mechanisms (sensors, processor, effectors)
• Thermoregulation – Tb vs Ta for endo/ectotherm, conformer vs regulator, TNZ, lower/upper critical, lower/upper
lethal, endotherm vs ectotherm, homeotherm vs poikilotherm, avenues of heat loss and gain (convection,
radiation, conduction, evaporation), piloerection, ptiloerection, insulation, counter-current heat exchange,
behavioral vs physiological responses, BMR vs SMR vs RMR, calories vs kilocalories vs Calorie, how does size
affect MR, why mass specific MR?, types of torpor – why? Daily vs seasonal, hibernation vs aestivation
Chapter 41 – animal nutrition
• Herbivore vs carnivore vs ominvore
• Stages of food processing (ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination)
• Types of feeding mechanisms, intracellular vs extracellular digestion
• Know the accessory and digestive organs discussed along with their functions
• Know the GI hormones and enzymes discussed (where found and function), target site(s), stimulus for release
• Where and how nutrients are absorbed and enter general circulation
Chapter 48 – neurons, synapses and signaling
• Understand information processing (sensors, integrators and effectors)
• Know the components for a myelinate and unmyelinated axon, pre & post-synaptic cells
• Chemical vs electrical synapses
• Membrane potential (how is it generated & maintained), AP, EPSP & IPSP, Nernst equation (calculation), ions
involved, summation
• What happens at the synaptic terminals? Neurotransmitters discusses (ACh, Epi, Nor, dopamine, serotonin,
substance P, endorphins/enkephalin, NO
Chapter 49
• Understand the reflex arc, general divisions of the PNS, CNS, parasympathetic vs sympathetic NS (preganglionic
vs postganglionic locations) know the particular response discussed in class
Chapter 50 – sensory and motor mechanism
• Muscle contraction – motor end plate, muscle components, types of muscle fibers, sliding filament model, Be able
to discuss the excitation to contraction coupling associated with the sliding filament model
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• Know the components of actin, myosin, troponin (C & I), tropomyosin, ATP, ACh, T-tubule, Ca , SR, what’s
recruitment, treppe, tetanus
• What’s the difference between SO, FOG and FG muscle fibers? Which one can be trained to be more aerobic?
Chapter 42 – Cardiovascular systems
• Know open vs closed circulatory systems, heart structure (2 – 4 chambers, concentrate on 4), circulatory pattern
for the mammalian heart, location of the specialized pacemaker cells (SA node, AV node, bundle of His, purkinje
fibers)
• Pacemaker vs myocardial potentials, tachycardia, bradycardia, ions involved, actual contraction
• Know the cardiac cycle, understand the figure given in class regarding EKG, BP, heart sound & left ventricular
volumes
• Know be able to determine: MAP, HR, SV, EDV, ESV, PP, DP, SP
• Know the Frank-Starling curve
• Know the factors that affect MAP, HR, SV, TPR, venous return, etc
• Know the components of blood (plasma and formed elements)
• What is erythropoietin how it is involved with RBC production?
• Understand the cause for filtration and reabsorption at the arterial and venous end of the capillary bed
• Understand the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation cure- what are the factors that affect it
• Know and understand how CO2 is transported. What’s the Cl shift?
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What are the Bohr, Root and Haldane effect?
Where are the control centers for respiration? Where can you find the central and peripheral chemoreceptors?
What are baroreceptors and their role with BP regulation?
Know the lung volumes: TLC, VC, RV, ERV, IRV and TV
Be able to determine the partial pressure of oxygen and CO2 if given the barometric pressure.
More to come…