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Name _________________________________________________________________________________ Date_____________ Period_________ Animal Kingdom Webquest → http://animalspeek.blogspot.com/2006/02/characteristics-of-animals.html 1. Scientists have identified and named more than ________________________________ species of animals, but there are ________ to _________ left to name and identify. 2. 3. List the 5 characteristics of most animals: i. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ii. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ iii. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ iv. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ v. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What does it mean that animal cells are eukaryotic? ______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ → Click on “Read More” 1. Describe the characteristic that distinguishes animals from plants? ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. When describing animals, directions are important. Label AND describe the 4 directions on this animal: Trends In Animal Evolution 3. BODY SYMMETRY: Describe and draw radial, bilaterial and asymmetrical body plans. Make sure to include a line that shows the symmetry. Symmetry Picture Asymmetrical Radial Bilateral Explanation 4. CEPHALIZATION: Describe what this is. _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Why would this have been an evolutionary benefit? (http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100414181920AAi7FdZ) ___________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. REPRODUCTION: Asexual Sexual. Describe what sexual reproduction is. __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Why is sexual reproduction an evolutionary benefit? (http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/sex/advantage/index.html) ____________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Describe what the “n” and “2n” are representing. _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. DEVELOPMENT: Fill in the blanks with the following words to complete the process of animal development. Cleavage, Blastula, Blastopore, Zygote, Micromere, Blastocoel, Gastrula, Blastomeres egg + sperm = _____________________ ________________________ (cell divisions) EMBRYO more cleavage; produces more cells (___________________________________) at 8 cells, 4 upper cells = ________________________ & 4 lower cells = macromeres BLASTULATION becomes spherical hollow mass of cells (________________________________)with hole in middle (__________________________) GASTRULATION indentation at dorsal lip, becomes __________________________, once at horseshoe shape = ___________________________ 10. GERM LAYERS: During the process of gastrulation germ layers are created. What is a germ layer? ________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Describe the three germ layers: i. Ectoderm: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ii. Endoderm: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ iii. Mesoderm: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Which germ layer produces human skin? ___________________________ Which would produce a heart? ___________________________ which would create the lining of the stomach? _________________________________________ 13. Some animals are diploblastic while higher organisms are triploblatic. What does this mean? (http://mansfield.osu.edu/~sabedon/campbl32.htm) _______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. CAVITY DEVELOPOMENT: What is the coelom? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. (http://mansfield.osu.edu/~sabedon/campbl32.htm) In organisms that are triploblastic and contain the mesodermal layer of cells, this mesoderm layer can interact with the endoderm layer in one of three ways to create three distinct groups of organisms. Describe them: i. acoelomates: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ii. pseudocoelomates: ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ iii. coelomates: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. THE GUT: (Still on Mansfield Site) The most primitive of organisms has one opening into their digestive system that acts as both the mouth and the anus. When organisms developed a separate opening for the mouth and anus this was known as the gut. It arose twice in evolutionary history to create two distinct groups of animals: Protostomes and Deuterostomes. Describe these two types of organisms and explain which is “higher” evolutionarily. _________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/taxaform.html http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/taxaform.html Fill in the missing taxonomic levels for each of the animals listed below