Download Organization Book Questions

Name ___________________________________________________________________________________ Date___________ Period_________
Animal Kingdom PATTERNS OF
ORGANIZATION
pg 109
 PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION
1. Evolutionary changes do not always mean ______________ and increased __________________.
2. These patterns of organization depict an evolutionary ____________, not necessarily an evolutionary ______________________.
 SYMMETRY
3. What is symmetry? ________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________, which is the absence of a central point or axis of symmetry is characterized by most
___________________________ and ____________________________.
5. Asymmetrical organisms do not develop complex ________________________, ________________________ or
______________________ functions.
pg 110
6. What type of lifestyle does a radial symmetric animal have? Why? ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. What two terms are used to describe points of reference on a radial symmetric organism? What do they mean? _______________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Bilateral symmetry is characteristic of ________________, ________________, or _______________________, animals.
9. How does a bilaterally symmetric organisms’ movement affect their development? ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
pg 111
 TISSUES
10. Why is unicellular organization not “simple”? ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. Where does the term diploblastic come from? ___________________________________________________________________
12. Diploblastic organization is the simplest _________________________________ organization in which body parts are organized
into layers derived from ____________ embryonic tissue layers.
pg 112
13. Where does the term ectoderm come from? ____________________________________________________________________
14. Where does the term endoderm come from? ____________________________________________________________________
15. Where does the term triploblastic come from? ___________________________________________________________________
16. In triploblastic organisms, a third embryological layer is sandwiched between the ectoderm and the endoderm. This is called the
_________________________________, which means _____________________________.
17. What does it mean to say that most triploblastic organisms have a organ-system level of organization? ______________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
18. What type of symmetry do most triploblastic organisms have? ______________________________________________________
 BODY CAVITIES
19. Triploblastic organisms are organized into subgroups based on the presence or absence or a _____________________________.
20. What is a body cavity? _____________________________________________________________________________________
21. List the advantages of a body cavity:
a. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
f.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
22. Where does the term acoelomate come from? __________________________________________________________________
23. What does the term mean? _________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
24. Label the structures on the acoelomate.
pg 113
25. Where does the term pseudocoelomate come from? ______________________________________________________________
26. What does the term mean? _________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
27. Label the structures on the pseudocoelomate.
28. What does the term coelom mean? ___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
29. Label the structures on the coelomate.
 HIGHER ORGANIZATION
30. The animal kingdom is monophyletic // polyphyletic // paraphyletic because ____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
31. What was the Cambrian explosion? ___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
32. Bilateral organisms are thought to have shared a common ancestor. They have been grouped into two groups based on
embryological characteristics, including ________________________________________________________________________
and ________________________________________________________________________________________________.
33. Protostomes include these animal phyla:
a.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
b.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
c.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
d.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
pg 116
34. What two characteristics are common to protostomes and not deuterostomes?
a. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
35. Deuterostomes include these animal phyla:
a. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________________________________________
36. Protostome development is indeterminate // determinate, while deuterostome development is indeterminate // determinate. This
means __________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
37. Modern taxonomic categories have re-grouped certain organisms into difference categories. What reasonS would there be to do
such a thing? ____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ANALYSIS QUESTIONS
38. The embryonic germ layer that gives rise to the embryonic gut is the
a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm
39. The embryonic germ layer that gives rise to the muscles, blood and blood vessels is the
a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. mesoderm
40. Gastrulation results in the formation of the embryonic gut or
a. coelom
b. archenteron
c. mesoderm
d. chordamesoderm
41. A hollow ball of calls that follows the morula stage is called the
a. gastrula
b. pluteus
c. blastula
d. neurula
Complete the following table:
Organism
Blastopore Fate
Coelom Development
(protostome “P”; deuterostome “D”)
(acoelomate “a”, pseudocoelomate “p” or
coelomates “c” body plan)
Sea Star
Crayfish
Perch
Flatworm
Nematode
Earthworm
Human