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Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 1 arithmetic another word for math or mathematics 2 + addition, add, plus 3 X multiplication, multiply, times 4 - subtraction, subtract, minus 5 ÷ division, divide, divided by ⌐ 6 = equal, having the same value, the same on both sides, equivalent 7 ≠ not equal 8 # number 9 ( ) parentheses 10 > greater than 11 < less than Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are the four math 12 math operations operations 13 addition 14 addends 15 3+6=9 16 sum the adding of two or more numbers to get a sum or total numbers that are added together equation, number sentence written horizontally the answer in addition zero property of addition zero plus any number equals the number, 821+0=821 17 18 grouping property of addition the addends may be grouped in any order and you still get the same sum (6+2)+4=12 or 6+(2+4)=12 order property of the addends may be added in any order and you still get the same sum addition 5+3=8, 3+5=8, 5+3=3+5 19 20 subtraction 21 difference to take one number away from another number the answer in subtraction Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 22 minuend 23 24 subtrahend regroup 25 numeration 26 ascending in order from least to greatest 27 descending in order from greatest to least 28 inverse the number from which another number is subtracted the number that is subtracted from the minuend to exchange amounts of equal value; to rename a number the study of numbers opposite operations - one operation undoes the other; addition is inverse of subtraction; multiplication is inverse of division number sentences that have the same numbers in them and show how addition and subtraction are related 29 family of facts 30 digits 31 face value what a digit looks like (5 looks like a five) 32 place value the place a digit is given on a grid 33 total value the total value of a digit (5 in the tens place has a value of 50) the ten symbols we use to write numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 (5 is in the tens place) Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 34 written form 35 36 expanded form standard form 37 column or working form 38 estimate 39 round 40 horizontal 41 vertical 42 diagonal 43 44 a way to write numbers by using words ex two hundred fifty-one 456=400+50+6, telling the total value for each digit any number that we write or see in a book, 263 a number sentence written vertically to find an answer that is close to the exact number replace a number with another number that tells about how many or how much ex round 65 to the nearest ten = 70; round 435 to the nearest hundred = 400 a line that goes from left to right or right to left a line that goes up and down a line that goes from corner to corner even number any number that can be shared equally by two people, any number that can be counted by twos, any number that has 0,2,4,6,8 in the ones column odd number any number that cannot be shared equally by two people; any number that has 1,3,5,7,9 in the ones column Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 45 benchmark number any number which is a point of reference; often used to show number relationships 46 cardinal number any number which tells how many such as 6 cars 47 compatible numbers numbers that are easy to compute mentally 50+50 instead of 48+54 48 nominal number any number that names things such as a telephone number or an address 49 ordinal number 50 period 51 Venn diagram any number which tells position or order such as 1st, sixth each group of three numbers in a large number uses circles to show relationships among different sets of things 52 multiplication the operation of repeated addition of the same numer 53 multiple a number that is the product of a given number and another whole number ex. multiples of 3 are 6,9,21,24,30 54 array an arrangement of objects in rows and columns Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 55 56 product factor the answer to a multiplication problem a number that is multiplied by another number to find a product ex 2 x 4 = 8 property of one when one of the factors in a multiplication problem is one, the product is 57 for multiplication the other factor ex 6 x 1 = 6 zero property of when one of the factors in a multiplication problem is zero, the product is 58 multiplication zero ex 8 x 0 = 0 order property of two numbers in a multiplication problem can be multiplied in any order, and ex multiplication the product will be the same (commutative) 6 x 2 = 12 2 x 6 = 12 therefore 6 x 2 = 2 x 6 59 grouping property of multiplication 60 (associative) 61 fact family for multiplication when the grouping of factors in a multiplication problem is changed, the product will remain the same ex (4 x 2) x 5 = 8 x 5 = 40 ; 4 x (2 x 5) = 4 x 10 =40 a set of related multiplication and division sentences using the same numbers Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 62 division 63 dividend 64 divisor 65 quotient 66 remainder the operation of making equal groups and finding the number in each group or the number of groups a number that is divided by another number the number that divides the dividend the answer in a division problem the amount left over when you find a quotient a number is divisible by another number if the result of the division is a whole number with a remainder of zero 67 divisible 68 fraction a number that names part of a whole or part of a group 69 numerator the number above the bar in a fraction tat tells how many parts are being considered 70 denominator the number below the bar in a fraction that tells the number of equal parts 71 equivalent fractions two or more fractions that name the same amount Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 72 like fractions fractions with the same denominators 73 unlike fractions fractions with different denominators 74 mixed number a number that is made up of a whole number and a fraction geometry the branch of mathematics that deals with lines, angles, planes, and figures and with measuring them solid figure a figure which has length, width and thickness cylinder, rectangular prism, square prism 77 plane figure a figure which has a flat surface rhombus, trapezoid, hexagon 78 face a flat surface of a solid figure 79 edge the line where 2 faces meet 80 corner a point where 2 or more sides meet 81 vertex corner 82 line 83 line segment 75 76 ex rectangle, square, circle, triangle, goes on without end in both directions a part of a line with two endpoints ex cone, cube, sphere, Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 84 ray part of a line that has one endpoint 85 parallel lines lines that are always the same distance apart 86 intersecting lines lines that meet or cross 87 perpendicular lines 88 angle 89 acute angle 90 obtuse angle 91 right angle 92 formula 93 perimeter lines that meet or cross each other and form 4 right angles when two rays share an endpoint an angle smaller than a right angle an angle larger than a right angle an angle that forms a square corner an equation that tells how to solve a problem (area = l x w) the distance around a figure (P = 2l + 2w P= 2 lengths + 2 widths) (linear) Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 94 area 95 96 data tally table the number of square units to cover a flat surface (square unit) (A = length x width) information about people and things uses tally marks to show how often something happens 97 frequency table uses numbers to show how often something happens 98 experiment 99 survey a set of questions that a group of people are asked 100 results answers from a survey 101 scale 102 outcomes 103 interval 104 line graph 105 circle graph a test done in order to find out something a series of numbers placed at fixed distances on a graph to help label the graph possible results of an experiment the distance between two numbers on the scale of a graph a graph that uses a line to show how data changes over a period of time a graph that shows data as part of a whole circle Math Vocabulary 3rd Grade 106 bar graph a graph that uses data that can be counted 107 probability 108 event 109 certain an event that will always happen 110 impossible an event that will never happen 111 predict 112 likely the chance that a given event will occur the action that happens in an experiment that brings about an outcome to tell what might happen when doing experiments a "high" possibility that an event will happen possible 113 outcomes (ways) all the possible outcomes of an experiment 114 fairness 115 equally likely when one outcome is not more likely to happen than another when the outcomes of an experiment have the same chance of happening.