Download Study Guide EXAM #1

Study Guide
EXAM #1
Chapter 4
1
Know figure 4.20 found on page 65.
2
Know table 4.1 on page 70. Be able to compare and contrast procaryotes from animal
cells.
3
What is the main function for each of the following organelles or structures of the cell:
nucleus, nuceolus, nuclear envelope, vesicle, lysosome, rough and smooth endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi body, vesicle, pair of centrioles, mitochondrion, plasma membrane,
cytoskeleton.
Chapter 8
1
How many DNA molecules are present in a duplicated chromosome (sister chromotid)?
2
Describe the process of mitosis. What is happening in each of the 4 stages?
3
What type of cells are undergoing mitosis? Why would a cell choose to go through
mitosis.
4
What stage during the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
5
What does the “G” stand for in G1 and G2? What is happening in these stages.
6
How many chromosomes are present in the nucleus in G2? How many sister chromotids?
7.
How many cells do you end up with following the mitosis of a cell. How many
chromosomes does each cell have?
Vocabulary
Interphase
chromosome
mitosis
bipolar spindle
centrioles
kinotochor
nucleosome
histone
Chapter 9
1
What does diploid mean? What is haploid?
2
What does the symbol “n” stand for in 2n?
3
What affect does meiosis have on 2n cells?
4
Are germ cells diploid or haploid?
5
Describe meiosis. How is it different than mitosis?
6
Describe how and at what stage crossing over takes place.
7
At what stage does synapsis occur in the cell cycle?
8
Define the word chiasma and crossing over.
9
What is oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
Chapter 9
1 - How did Mendel's insights into patterns of inheritance differ from the accepted view of his
day?
2 - Describe Mendel's experimental approach. Why were pea plants a good choice for is
experimental design?
3 - Know how to employ the punnett-squar method to calculate the expected genetic ratio of off
spring from a given set of parents.
4 - What is homozygous dominant? What is homozygous recessive? How are these two
genotypes expressed in writing? How would express in writing a genotype that was
heterozygous for a particular trait?
5 - If you crossed a true breeding dominant flower color with a true breeding recessive flower
color, at what generation would you expect to see off spring with the recessive color? If you
had 100 off spring, how many of the off spring would you predict to have the recessive
color?
6 - How did Mendel show the concept of segregation?
7 - If you crossed two plants that were both heterozygous for flower color (purple
dominant and white recessive) and height (tall dominant and dwarf recessive), what are the
odds of getting a tall white flowered plant?
8 - How did Mendel demonstrate the concept of independent assortment? Could he have done
it using a monohybrid cross?
9 - What is the difference between incomplete dominance and co-dominance?
Vocabulary
true-breeding strains
homozygous dominant
homozygous recessive
alleles
dominant allele
locus
incomplete dominance
cross-fertilization
recessive allele
Theory of segregation
genotype
homozygous
phenotype
codominance
ABO blood typing
genes
monohybrid cross
dihybrid cross
heterozygous
P, F1, F2
independent assortment
Chapter 10
1- Compare and contrast autosomes and sex chromosomes.
2- Describe what a karyotype is and how it can be used in prenatal diagnosis?
3 - How is the gender genetically determined? Understand the function of the SRY gene.
4 - What is the difference between genetic abnormalities and genetic disorders?
5 - Understand the various symbols used in a pedigree chart.
6 - be able to predict using a pedigree chart whether a genetic disease is autosomal dominant or
recessive.
7 - If both parents are heterozygous for an autosomal recessive disorder, what are the
chances that a child will suffer from the trait?
8 - A woman who is a hemophilia carrier (an X-linked recessive trait), marries a man with
normal clotting factor. What is the probability that the couple will have a normal daughter,
a normal son, a daughter or a son that is a carrier for that trait, or a daughter or son that is
afflicted with the trait?
9 - Can a son inherit a recessive X-linked trait from his father? What about a dominant Xlinked trait? Explain why.
10 - Explain how nondisjunction occurs and how it can result in monosomy or trisomy.
11 - Describe the following disorders -- Down Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, Klinefelter.