Download Socialization

Socialization
Chapter 3
Socialization:
 Process by which we learn the ways of society (adaptation to society)
 Refers to preparing newcomers to become members of an existing group
and to think, feel, and act in ways the group considers appropriate
 Socialization occurs within biological, psychological, and social contexts
“It is through human contact that people learn to be members of a human community”
Main Question of this Unit?
 How do we become socialized individuals?
Nature vs. Nurture
What makes you you?
What makes you you?
Nature
 Heredity
 Aptitude
 Genetics
 Gender
 Instincts
Nurture
 Birth Order
 Oldest – middle – youngest
 Single child
 Parental Characteristics
 Age level
 Level of education
 Occupation
 Religion
 Food
 Economic status
 Love
 Race
 Reproduce
 Fear
 Risk
 Ethnicity
 Single vs couple
 Cultural Environment
 Values
 Norms
 Institutions
 Status
Nature vs. Nurture
An ongoing debate:
Some scientists think that people behave as they do according
to genetic predispositions(heredity). This is known as the
"nature" theory of human behavior. Other scientists believe
that people think and behave in certain ways because they are
taught to do so from their environment. This is known as the
"nurture" theory of human behavior.
The Nature Theory: Heredity
Scientists have known for years that traits such as eye color and
hair color are determined by specific genes encoded in each
human cell. The Nature Theory takes things a step further to say
that more abstract traits such as intelligence, personality,
aggression, and sexual orientation are also encoded in an
individual's DNA.
The Nurture Theory: Environment
While not discounting that genetic tendencies may exist,
supporters of the nurture theory believe they ultimately don't
matter - that our behavioral aspects originate only from the
environmental factors of our upbringing.
Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring
them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become
any type of specialist I might select...regardless of his talents, weaknesses, tendencies,
abilities, vocations and race of his ancestors.
~American Pyschologist: John Watson
Create a 3 column chart in your notebook (similar to the one below)
In column 1 – List the traits you believe you share with your mother
In column 2 – List the traits you believe you share with your father
In column 3 – List the traits you possess but are clearly not shared with your parents
*You may list physical traits and/or behavior traits*
Mother
Father
Unclear
As social scientists, how can we draw
conclusions and settle the argument?
 Twin studies (Identical vs Fraternal)
If environment didn't play a part in determining an individual's
traits and behaviors, then identical twins should, theoretically,
be exactly the same in all respects, even if reared apart.
Identical Strangers: Nature vs. Nurture
Photo Gallery
Conclusions:
Certain physical and mental abilities are products of nature
Attitudes are a result of nurture; however, basic temperament
seems to be inherited
With this being said, sociologists believe one’s environment can
redraw the lines of nature
Nature or Nurture
Personality
Attitudes
Intelligence
Athleticism
Appearance
Health