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PHY 2011 1ST MT REVIEW #2 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. (CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY PLEASE) ____ 1. Galileo found that a ball rolling down one inclined plane would roll how far up another inclined plane? a. The ball would not roll up the other plane at all. b. To nearly its original height c. To about one quarter its original height d. To nearly twice its original height e. To nearly half its original height ____ 2. Friction is a force that always acts a. perpendicular to an object's motion. b. opposite to an object's motion. c. in the same direction as an object's motion. ____ 3. The law of inertia states that an object a. will continue moving at the same velocity unless an outside force acts on it. b. will continue moving in a straight line unless an outside force acts on it. c. that is not moving will never move unless a force acts on it. d. at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force. e. will do all of the above. ____ 4. After a cannonball is fired into frictionless space, the amount of force needed to keep it going equals a. zero, since no force is necessary to keep it moving. b. twice the force with which it was fired. c. one half the force with which it was fired. d. the same amount of force with which it was fired. e. one quarter the force with which it was fired. ____ 5. If the force of gravity suddenly stopped acting on the planets, they would a. spiral slowly towards the sun. b. continue to orbit the sun. c. move in straight lines tangent to their orbits. d. spiral slowly away from the sun. e. fly straight away from the sun. ____ 6. A sheet of paper can be withdrawn from under a container of milk without toppling it if the paper is jerked quickly. The reason this can be done is that a. gravity pulls very hard on the milk carton. b. the milk carton has very little weight. c. the milk carton has inertia. d. none of the above ____ 7. An object following a straight-line path at constant speed a. has no forces acting on it. b. has a net force acting on it in the direction of motion. c. has zero acceleration. d. must be moving in a vacuum. e. none of the above ____ 8. Compared to its mass on Earth, the mass of a 10-kg object on the moon is a. the same. b. more. c. less. ____ 9. You would have the largest mass of gold if your chunk of gold weighed 1 N on a. Earth. b. Jupiter. c. the moon. ____ 10. Which has more mass, a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of iron? a. The feathers b. The iron c. Neither—they both have the same mass. ____ 11. An object weighs 30 N on Earth. A second object weighs 30 N on the moon. Which has the greater mass? a. The one on Earth b. The one on the moon c. They have the same mass. d. Not enough information to say ____ 12. Which of the following is NOT true about Aristotle’s concept of violent motion? a. Violent motion is imposed motion b. Violent motion has an external cause c. Violent motion is the result of forces that push or pull d. Violent motion is thought to be either straight up or straight down ____ 13. A heavy person and a light person parachute together and wear the same size parachutes. Assuming they open their parachutes at the same time, which person reaches the ground first? a. the light person b. the heavy person c. Neither -- they both reach the ground together. ____ 14. Suppose the force of friction on a sliding object is 25 N. The force needed to maintain a constant velocity is a. more than 25 N. b. 25 N c. less than 25 N. ____ 15. A book weighs 4 N. When held at rest in your hands, the net force on the book is a. 0 N. b. 0.4 N. c. 4 N. d. 39 N. e. none of the above ____ 16. An object has a constant mass. A constant force on the object produces constant a. velocity. b. acceleration. c. both A and B d. none of the above ____ 17. Pressure is defined as a. time per area. b. c. d. e. velocity per time. force per time. force per area. distance per time. ____ 18. Which of the following would exert the most pressure on the ground? a. A woman standing in running shoes b. A woman standing on skis c. A woman standing in high-heel shoes ____ 19. A tennis ball and a solid steel ball with the same diameter are dropped at the same time. In the absence of air resistance, which ball has the greater acceleration? a. The steel ball b. The tennis ball c. They both have the same acceleration. ____ 20. The reason a tennis ball and a solid steel ball will accelerate at the same rate, in the absence of air resistance, is that a. they have the same mass. b. the ball with the larger force has the smaller mass. c. the ball with the larger force also has the larger mass. d. the force acting on them is the same. e. none of the above ____ 21. When the angle of an incline with a block resting on it increases, the normal support force a. increases. b. stays the same. c. decreases. ____ 22. Consider a ball rolling down the decreasing slope inside a semicircular bowl (the slope is steep at the top rim, gets less steep toward the bottom, and is zero (no slope) at the bottom). As the ball rolls from the rim downward toward the bottom, its rate of gaining speed a. increases. b. remains the same. c. decreases. ____ 23. A speeding truck locks it brakes and it skids to a stop. If the truck's total mass were doubled, its skidding distance would be a. half as far. b. nearly as far, but not quite. c. the same. d. twice as far. e. four times as far. ____ 24. Suppose a cart is being moved by a force. If suddenly a load is dumped into the cart so that the cart's mass doubles, what happens to the cart's acceleration? a. It quarters. b. It halves. c. It stays the same. d. It doubles. e. It quadruples. ____ 25. A tow truck exerts a force of 2000 N on a car, accelerating it at 1 m/s/s. What is the mass of the car? a. b. c. d. e. 667 kg 1000 kg 2000 kg 8000 kg none of the above ____ 26. You pull horizontally on a 50-kg crate with a force of 450 N and the friction force on the crate is 250 N. The acceleration of the crate is a. 2 m/s2. b. 4 m/s2. c. 9 m/s2. d. 14 m/s2. ____ 27. How much force is needed to accelerate a 4.0-kg physics book to an acceleration of 2.0 m/s2? a. 0 N b. 2.0 N c. 0.5 N d. 8.0 N e. 24.0 N ____ 28. A jumbo jet cruises at a constant velocity when the total thrust of the engines on the jet is 50,000 N. How much air resistance acts on the jet? a. 0 N b. 25,000 N c. 50,000 N d. 75,000 N e. 100,000 N ____ 29. If shopping cart A has five times more mass in it than shopping cart B and the two carts are pushed with equal forces, you can expect the acceleration of shopping cart A to be a. times that of shopping cart B. b. times that of shopping cart B. c. 5 times that of shopping cart B. d. 25 times that of shopping cart B. ____ 30. If a truck has ten times the mass of a car and the two vehicles are pushed with an equal force, you would expect the acceleration of the truck to be a. times that of the car. b. times that of the car. c. 10 times that of the car. d. 100 times that of the car. True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. ____ 31. A force can be simply defined as a push or a pull. ____ 32. Inertia is the property that every material object has; inertia resists changes in an object's state of motion. ____ 33. If you were to slide a hockey puck across a frictionless ice rink, there must be a horizontal force on it to keep it in motion. ____ 34. The force due to gravity acting on an object is its mass. ____ 35. An astronaut has the same mass on Earth as in space. ____ 36. In the fourth century B.C., Aristotle divided motion into two types: natural motion and violent motion. ____ 37. The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the net force acting on it. ____ 38. It is possible for an object in free fall to have zero acceleration. ____ 39. Pressure is defined as the force one object exerts on another object. ____ 40. The speed of an object dropped in air will continue to increase without limit. Problem 41. How much (in newtons) does a 10.0-kg bag of grass seed weigh? 42. How much (in newtons) does 0.60 kg of salami weigh? 43. On the moon, the acceleration due to gravity is on the moon? that on Earth. What would be the weight of 0.9 kg of bologna 44. On the surface of Jupiter, the acceleration due to gravity is about 3 times that of Earth. What would be the mass of a 170-kg rock on Jupiter? 45. You push with 10.0 N on a 5.0-kg block and there are no opposing forces. How fast will the block accelerate? 46. You push with 27 N on a 10-kg chest, and there is a 7-N force of friction. How fast will the chest accelerate? 47. An unbalanced force of 30 N gives an object an acceleration of 6.0 m/s2. What force would be needed to give it an acceleration of 1.0 m/s2? 48. A certain unbalanced force gives a 20-kg object an acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. What acceleration would the same force give a 30-kg object? 49. When air resistance on a falling skydiver builds up to 0.3 the weight of the skydiver, what is the acceleration of the skydiver? 50. A 20-kg block of cement is pulled upward (not sideways!) with a force of 400 N. What is the acceleration of the block? PHY 2011 1ST MT REVIEW #2 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: KEY: 2. ANS: KEY: 3. ANS: KEY: 4. ANS: KEY: 5. ANS: KEY: 6. ANS: KEY: 7. ANS: KEY: 8. ANS: KEY: 9. ANS: KEY: 10. ANS: KEY: 11. ANS: KEY: 12. ANS: KEY: 13. ANS: KEY: 14. ANS: KEY: 15. ANS: KEY: 16. ANS: KEY: 17. ANS: KEY: 18. ANS: KEY: 19. ANS: KEY: 20. ANS: KEY: 21. ANS: KEY: B PTS: 1 DIF: Galileo | inclined plane BLM: B PTS: 1 DIF: friction | force BLM: E PTS: 1 DIF: inertia | force BLM: A PTS: 1 DIF: force | friction BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: gravity | planets BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: inertia | weight BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: speed | acceleration BLM: A PTS: 1 DIF: mass | Earth BLM: comprehension C PTS: 1 DIF: mass | weight BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: mass | kilogram BLM: B PTS: 1 DIF: weight | mass BLM: D PTS: 1 DIF: Aristotle | motion BLM: B PTS: 1 DIF: acceleration | terminal velocity BLM: B PTS: 1 DIF: friction | force BLM: A PTS: 1 DIF: force | weight BLM: B PTS: 1 DIF: mass | acceleration BLM: D PTS: 1 DIF: pressure | force BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: pressure BLM: comprehension C PTS: 1 DIF: acceleration | gravity BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: acceleration | mass BLM: C PTS: 1 DIF: angle | support force BLM: L1 OBJ: knowledge L1 OBJ: knowledge L1 OBJ: knowledge L2 OBJ: application L2 OBJ: application L2 OBJ: application L2 OBJ: comprehension L2 OBJ: L2 OBJ: analysis L2 OBJ: comprehension L2 OBJ: application L2 OBJ: knowledge L2 OBJ: comprehension L2 OBJ: comprehension L2 OBJ: comprehension L2 OBJ: comprehension L1 OBJ: knowledge L2 OBJ: 3.3 Galileo on Motion 3.3 Galileo on Motion 3.4 Newton's Law of Inertia 3.4 Newton's Law of Inertia 3.4 Newton's Law of Inertia 3.4 Newton's Law of Inertia 3.4 Newton's Law of Inertia 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia 3.1 Aristotle on Motion 6.7 Falling and Air Resistance 6.4 Friction 6.1 Force Causes Acceleration 6.3 Newton's Second Law 6.5 Applying Force—Pressure 6.5 Applying Force—Pressure L2 OBJ: 6.7 Falling and Air Resistance comprehension L2 OBJ: 6.6 Free Fall Explained application L2 OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law application 22. ANS: KEY: 23. ANS: KEY: 24. ANS: KEY: 25. ANS: KEY: 26. ANS: KEY: 27. ANS: KEY: 28. ANS: KEY: 29. ANS: KEY: 30. ANS: KEY: C PTS: 1 speed | slope BLM: application C PTS: 1 mass | acceleration B PTS: 1 force | mass BLM: application C PTS: 1 force | acceleration B PTS: 1 acceleration | friction D PTS: 1 force | acceleration C PTS: 1 velocity | resistance B PTS: 1 mass | acceleration | inversely B PTS: 1 mass | acceleration | inversely DIF: L2 OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law DIF: L2 BLM: application DIF: L2 OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law DIF: BLM: DIF: BLM: DIF: BLM: DIF: BLM: DIF: BLM: DIF: BLM: L2 application L2 application L2 application L2 application L2 application L2 application OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law T PTS: 1 DIF: force | push | pull BLM: T PTS: 1 DIF: inertia | change F PTS: 1 DIF: friction | force | motion BLM: F PTS: 1 DIF: gravity | mass BLM: T PTS: 1 DIF: mass | Earth BLM: comprehension T PTS: 1 DIF: Aristotle | motion BLM: F PTS: 1 DIF: acceleration | force BLM: F PTS: 1 DIF: free fall | acceleration BLM: F PTS: 1 DIF: pressure | force BLM: F PTS: 1 DIF: speed BLM: comprehension L1 application L1 BLM: L2 application L1 knowledge L2 OBJ: 3.3 Galileo on Motion OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law OBJ: 6.2 Mass Resists Acceleration OBJ: 6.2 Mass Resists Acceleration TRUE/FALSE 31. ANS: KEY: 32. ANS: KEY: 33. ANS: KEY: 34. ANS: KEY: 35. ANS: KEY: 36. ANS: KEY: 37. ANS: KEY: 38. ANS: KEY: 39. ANS: KEY: 40. ANS: KEY: OBJ: 3.3 Galileo on Motion application OBJ: 3.4 Newton's Law of Inertia OBJ: 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia OBJ: 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia L1 OBJ: knowledge L1 OBJ: knowledge L2 OBJ: comprehension L1 OBJ: knowledge L2 OBJ: 3.1 Aristotle on Motion 6.1 Force Causes Acceleration 6.6 Free Fall Explained 6.5 Applying Force—Pressure 6.7 Falling and Air Resistance PROBLEM 41. ANS: 100 N PTS: 1 DIF: L2 OBJ: 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia KEY: weight | newtons 42. ANS: 6.0 N BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: weight | newtons 43. ANS: 1.5 N OBJ: 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: gravity | weight 44. ANS: 170 kg OBJ: 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: gravity | weight 45. ANS: 2.0 m/s2 OBJ: 3.5 Mass—A Measure of Inertia BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: force | acceleration 46. ANS: 2 m/s2 OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: force | friction | acceleration 47. ANS: 5.0 N OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: force | acceleration 48. ANS: 1.3 m/s2 OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: force | acceleration 49. ANS: 7 m/s2 OBJ: 6.3 Newton's Second Law BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: resistance | acceleration 50. ANS: 10 m/s2 OBJ: 6.7 Falling and Air Resistance BLM: application PTS: 1 DIF: L2 KEY: force | acceleration OBJ: 6.6 Free Fall Explained BLM: application