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Transcript
2/18/2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS P. 11 P. 12 P. 13 P. 14 LAYERS OF THE EARTH AND CONVECTION CURRENTS Layers of Earth Diagram Layers of Earth notes Convection Currents Diagram Convection Currents Notes LAYERS OF THE EARTH Crust – the thin outer layer of the Earth that is made up of solid rock. Types of Crust: Continental Crust – the portion of Earth’s crust that lies beneath the continents. Very thick and less dense Oceanic Crust – the portion of Earth’s crust that lies beneath the oceans. Very thin and very dense LAYERS OF THE EARTH Lithosphere – the rigid outer part of the Earth, consisting of the lower portion of the crust and the upper portion of the mantle. Made up of the tectonic plates. Asthenosphere – the putty-like layer of the mantle that the tectonic plates float on. Upper portion of the mantle. Convection Currents take place here. 1 2/18/2016 CONVECTION IN THE MANTLE A Density of mantle material is less than material above it, so the materials begin to rise. B Rising material hits rigid lithosphere and cannot go up any further. C The force of gravity is causing denser material to fall. D Core heat causes temperature to rise, therefore decreasing the density of material CAUSEEFFECTRESULT Cause Convection currents are caused by Earth’s internal thermal energy causing mantle to heat, expand, and rise. As it gets closer to crust it cools, becoming denser and sinking forming a current. Effect The convection currents act as a “conveyor belt” moving the plates of the lithosphere above. Result The result of plates moving are earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and building of mountains. 2