Download UNIT 6 – READING AND LEARNING GUIDE TOPICS TO KNOW

UNIT 6 – READING AND LEARNING GUIDE
TOPICS TO KNOW:
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Describe different ways cells can communicate with each other.
Outline the steps of signal transduction.
Compare and contrast receptor types found in cells.
Explain how a protein kinase receptor leads to signal transduction.
Explain how activation of a G protein–coupled receptor leads to signal transduction.
Explain how a phosphorylation cascade can result in signal amplification and transmission of
signals to other parts of a signal transduction network.
Describe the roles of second messengers in signal transduction.
Relate how cells must manage multiple simultaneous signals.
Describe cellular responses to signal transduction.
Compare and contrast water-soluble hormone and lipid-soluble hormone signal mechanisms.
Compare and contrast different types of chemical signal pathway mechanisms.
Explain how pheromones function between individuals.
Differentiate among the three major groups of hormones in terms of chemical structure and
solubility.
Describe how a basic hormone triggers a response in a target tissue.
Distinguish negative and positive feedback loops and give examples of each.
Explain the role of hormones in maintaining homeostasis.
Give a specific example of how the endocrine system regulates homeostasis.
Distinguish the hormones, target tissues, and signals from the adrenal cortex and adrenal
medulla.
Describe how sex steroids govern development of sex characteristics, reproductive readiness,
and reproductive behavior.
Describe the primary role of the hypothalamus in vertebrate endocrine signaling and how the
hormones it secretes move to the pituitary.
Describe the primary role of the pituitary in vertebrate endocrine signaling and distinguish
tropic vs. non-tropic effects of hormones.
Describe the structures and functions of neurons.
Explain the roles of glial cells in the nervous system.
Summarize the diversity of nervous systems in living things.
Describe the electrical potential across a neuron membrane.
Summarize the role of ions in neuron membrane potentials.
Describe the mechanism of an action potential.
Explain the mechanism of a synapse.
Describe the variation of post-synaptic activity.
Summarize neurotransmitter diversity.
Summarize the role of synaptic communication.
Describe the main components of the vertebrate nervous system.
Explain the levels of organization of the peripheral nervous system.
Describe the main structures and functions of the vertebrate brain.
Give examples of immune system dysfunctions.
Explain how physical barriers prevent infection. Give specific examples.
Describe how the immune system has evolved over time.
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Describe the characteristics of the immune response that can be generated by humans and
indicate the components in each phase of this response.
Give examples of cell types involved in innate immune defenses and explain their roles.
Describe the purpose of the inflammatory response.
Give examples of molecular mechanisms of innate immunity.
Describe how the complement system is activated and what happens once this occurs.
Give examples of innate immune responses for the following types of infections: viral infections,
parasitic infections, and extracellular bacterial infections.
Describe the timing of events in an innate immune response.
Describe how CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and B lymphocytes are activated.
Describe the cell types involved in the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses and
explain their roles in eliminating pathogens.
Explain how a memory response is created and the hallmarks that make it unique from a
primary adaptive immune response.
Describe how the immune system is able to prevent inappropriate immune responses.
Explain how an organism's adaptive immune system is able to identify a wide range of
pathogens.
Describe how the allergic response is an overreaction of the immune system.
Describe the basic mechanism of autoimmune disease.
Explain how immunodeficiency can arise either from genetic or pathogenic processes.
Give examples of ways that pathogens evade host immune defense.
TEXT BOOK SECTIONS:
MODULES: 21, 22, 140-142, 129-132, 168-171
ON-LINE RESOURCES:
Evolutionary significance of cell communication: http://www.bozemanscience.com/036evolutinary-significance-of-cell-communication
Signal transduction pathways http://www.bozemanscience.com/038-signal-transductionpathways
Endocrine system http://www.bozemanscience.com/endocrine-system
Immune system http://www.bozemanscience.com/immune-system
Nervous system http://www.bozemanscience.com/nervous-system
Quorum sensing (again)
http://www.ted.com/talks/bonnie_bassler_on_how_bacteria_communicate.html
Cell communication by fight or flight response
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=musHDO8q5VM
G-protein linked receptors
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bU4955rLv_8&feature=related
Tyrosine kinase receptor http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-iBb1sH-Eh4
The entire cell signaling process: http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/cellsignals.html
Hormone secretion, regulation and hypothyroidism http://biologyinmotion.com/thyroid/
Adrenaline http://courses.washington.edu/bchem442/Adrenaline.html
Endocrine system review
http://www.interactivephysiology.com/login/endodemo/systems/systems/endocrine/index.html
Inflammation and fever http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__phagocytosis.html
Natural killer cells http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNP1EAYLhOs
Acquired immunity: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rp7T4IItbtM
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Humoral and cell-mediated immune response:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyCWm8WrZJU
Nerve impulse http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter14/animation__the_nerve_impulse.html
Synapse http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter14/animation__chemical_synapse__quiz_1_.
html
MATH:
None
LABS:
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