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Chapter 15
Energy
Vocabulary #1-4
1.
2.
3.
4.
energy: the ability to cause
changes in matter
Kinetic energy: the energy of
motion
Potential energy: the energy an
object has because of its condition
or position
Energy transfer: movement of
energy from one place or object to
another
Nature of Energy
Sources
 Energy
Brainpop Energy
is all around you!
You can hear energy as sound.
 You can see energy as light.
 And you can feel it as wind.

5. The Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy
can never be
made or destroyed,
but it can change
forms.
Law of Conservation of Energy


In 1905, Albert Einstein said that
mass and energy can be converted
into each other.
He showed that if matter is
destroyed, energy is created, and if
energy is destroyed mass is
created.
2
 E = MC
States of Energy:
Kinetic and Potential Energy
Kinetic
Energy is the
energy of motion.
Potential Energy is
stored energy.
Kinetic Energy
 The
energy of motion is
called kinetic energy.
 The faster an object moves,
the more kinetic energy it
has.
 The greater the mass of a
moving object, the more
kinetic energy it has.
Gravitational Potential Energy

Potential energy
that is dependent
on height is called
gravitational
potential energy.
Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion
Roller coasters work because of the energy that is
built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled
mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great
deal of potential energy. From that point, the
conversion between potential and kinetic energy
powers the cars throughout the entire ride.
Energy Transfer


Energy can move
between places or
objects.
You move energy
when you:


hit a softball. (from
the bat to the ball)
From moving Acrobat
to acrobat on
teeterboard
What are some forms of Energy?
Vocabulary #6-10

6. solar energy: energy that comes
from the sun
7. light: radiation that we can see
8. chemical energy: energy that can
be released by a chemical reaction
9. mechanical energy: the
combination of all the kinetic and
potential energy that something has
10. electric energy: energy that
comes from an electric current
Nature of Energy
 Energy
can be defined as
the ability to do work.
 If an object does work, it
uses energy.
 Energy is measured in the
same unit as work: joules
(J).
Forms of Energy

The five main forms of
energy are:
•
•
•
•
•
Solar
Light electromagnetic
Chemical
Mechanical
Electric
Electromagnetic Energy

Power lines carry electromagnetic
energy into your home in the form of
electricity.
Mechanical Energy
 When
work is done to an
object, it acquires energy.
The energy it acquires is
known as mechanical energy.
Nuclear Energy


When the nucleus splits (fission),
nuclear energy is released in the
form of heat energy and light
energy.
Nuclear energy is also released
when nuclei collide at high speeds
and join (fuse).
Energy conversions

All forms of energy can be
converted into other forms.


The sun’s energy through solar cells
can be converted directly into
electricity.
Green plants convert the sun’s energy
(electromagnetic) into starches and
sugars (chemical energy).
Energy Conversions

In an automobile
engine, fuel is
burned to convert
chemical energy
into heat energy.
The heat energy is
then changed into
mechanical
energy.
Vocab #11-16






11. heat: the transfer of thermal energy
between objects with different temperatures
12. system: a group of separate elements that
work together to accomplish something
13. conduction: the transfer of heat from one
object directly to another
14. convection: the transfer of heat, through the
movement of a gas or a liquid
15. radiation: the transfer of energy by means
of wave that move through matter and space
16. reflection: the bouncing of heat or
light off an object
Lesson 4 – How do People use
energy Resources?
Definitions #17-22






17. fossil: the remains or traces of past life,
found in sedimentary rock.
18. resource: any material that can be used
to satisfy a need
19. nonrenewable resource: a resource that,
once used, cannot be replaced in a reasonable
amount of time.
20. Conservation: the use of less of a
resource to make the supply last longer.
21. renewable resource: a resource that can
be replaced within a reasonable amount of
time.
22. pollution: a waste product that harms
living things and damages an ecosystem.
Nonrenewable Energy resources

Brain Pop –
fossil fuels
Renewable Energy Resources

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

Hybrid cars
Conservation and the environment


Answer the
questions in
your journal..
Be sure to use
full sentences.
Page 593, 595,
and 596.

Brain Pop –
Conserving
Energy