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Download Biological Themes Biology: the science of living organisms and the
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Biological Themes Biology: the science of living organisms and the interactions among them 1. The Seven Major Themes of Biology Evolution Evolution: the theory that species change over time Scientists suggest that evolution occurs by a process called natural selection. Organisms that have certain inheritable traits (adaptations) are better able to survive in specific environments than organisms that lack those traits . Reproduction and Inheritance Reproduction: asexual (no exchange of genetic information between organisms) or sexual (genetic information is exchanged between organisms) Inheritance: the acquisition of traits by offspring Development Development: the process by which an organism grows Unicellular vs. Multicellular Development Structure and Function Morphology: the internal and external appearance of an organism Anatomy = Internal Morphology STRUCTURE DETERMINES FUNCTION Energy Relationships All organisms use energy Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Ecology Ecology: the study of the relationship between organisms and their environments Interdependence Science and Society Knowledge from biological science can be applied to specific problems in society to improve human life. How biological knowledge should be used involves decisions based on ethics (bioethics) 2. The Seven Characteristics of Life Cells: all living things are composed of cells Organization: all organisms are organized at both molecular and cellular levels atoms molecules organelles cells tissues organs organ systems organisms Metabolism: all organisms use energy for growth and maintenance Response to the Environment: a response is a reaction to a stimulus Growth: all living things grow, growth occurs through cell division and cell enlargement Reproduction: all organisms have the ability to reproduce, reproduction is necessary for the continuity of life Adaptation: organisms have adaptations that give them an advantage in an environment