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From Sectionalism to Secession From Sectionalism Compromise of 1850 (Henry Clay, Stephen Douglas) free soil vs popular sovereignty Fugitive Slave Law (1850) Anthony Burns & Boston riot (1854) Kansas Nebraska Act (1854) → “Bleeding Kansas” (1856-61) Lecompton vs Topeka Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) …to Secession The Election of 1860 Republicans: free-soil, high tariff, federal support for internal improvements, federal land for settlers Abraham Lincoln (Illinois) Northern Democrats Sen. Stephen Douglas (Illinois) Southern Democrats: Congressional support of slavery in the territories VP John C. Breckinridge (Kentucky) Constitutional Union Party: support the Union & ignore the slavery question John Bell (Tennessee) Confederate States of America Feb 1861 (CSA), President Jefferson Davis Fort Sumter, South Carolina, April 1861 …and Civil War (1861-65) the sides: the Union vs The Confederacy Anaconda Strategy Peace Democrats aka Copperheads President Abraham Lincoln to Horace Greely, editor of the New York Tribune, on August 22, 1862: o “My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that. What I do about slavery, and the colored race, I do because I believe it helps to save the Union …” Radical Republicans greenbacks = paper money Pacific Railroad Act (1862) HIST 120 Dr. Schaffer