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Earth’s Interior
Chapter 1, Section 1
By: Jennifer Kang, Hannah Kiritsy, Jack
Landrigan, Karin Alsop, and Demetri Kanellias
Exploring Inside The Earth
The surface of the Earth is constantly changing-lifting, sinking, and sliding apart, but what lies
beneath the surface is another story. It’s
impossible to go beneath what we call the crust
and travel over 6,000 kilometers to the center, so
how do we know exactly what our Earth is made
of, and how it affects us?
Two Types of Evidence
Rock Samples:
● drills collect
evidence from
beneath surface
● brings the rock
up to be
observed
Evidence From Seismic
Waves:
● speed and path of
waves are recorded
● show structure of the
planet and what it is
composed of
Towards the Center of the Earth
● Temperature
increases
● Pressure increases
The Crust
The Outermost Layer of the Earth
● thinnest layer of the earth
● can be 5-40 km deep
● continental crust= mostly granite
● oceanic crust= mostly basalt
The Mantle
The Second Layer of the Earth
●
●
●
hot but solid
about 3,000 km thick
composed of 3 layers
The Lithosphere:
●
uppermost part of the mantle and
the crust, rigid like the crust, about
100 km thick
The Asthenosphere:
●
●
●
hotter
under more pressure than the
lithosphere
less rigid
The Lower Mantle:
● solid
● extends to core
The Core
The Center of the Earth
About 3,486 km deep
The Outer Core:
● made up of various metals
● liquid
● makes planet act like a bar
magnet
The Inner Core:
● mainly iron and nickel
● solid
Glossary
● Crust: the outermost layer of the Earth; made of solid
rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor
● Oceanic Crust: the part of the crust that consists mainly
of basalt, a dark rock with a fine texture
● Continental Crust: the part of the crust that consists
mainly of granite, a rock that usually has a light color
and a coarse texture
● Mantle: the second layer of the Earth; is made up of hot
rock, although the rock is still solid. Consists of 3 main
layers: the lithosphere, asthenosphere, and lower mantle
● Lithosphere: the uppermost part of the mantle; is a rigid
layer that includes the crust
Glossary Continued
● Asthenosphere: the part of the mantle that is less rigid
than the lithosphere, like road tar, it is softened by heat
● Lower Mantle: the most solid part of the mantle; extends to
the core
● Core: The center part of the Earth; consists of two main
parts--the outer and inner core
● Outer Core: the outer layer of the core, consists mainly of
molten nickel and iron
● Inner Core: the innermost part of the core; is made of solid
metal
Citing
http://gizmodo.com
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http://www.iris.edu
http://igne.us/
http://www.haam.us
http://yoursinfo.com
http://fotobg.ru
http://gallery.yopriceville.com
http://www.etap.org
http://ge.geglobalresearch.com
http://bmsscience8209.edublogs.org/
http://uncleeddiestheorycorner.blogspot.com