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P2 Forcees and Motion Revision Sheet 1. What is a resultant force? [1] A single force which is the result of 2 or more forces acting on an object. 2. What is the unit of force? [1] Newton 3. What is the equation relating force, mass and acceleration? [1] F=ma 4. When an object moves through air or water they experience this force [1] Drag force 5. Define acceleration [1] The rate at which velocity changes. 6. What is a reaction force? [1] 7. What are the forces acting on a book on a table? 8. What law states extension of the material is proportional to the force applied? [1] The surface an object rests on exerts an equal and opposite force, called the reaction force Weight (downwards) Reaction (upwards) Hooke’s Law When an object recovers its original shape after a force has been applied Thrust 10.What are the horizontal forces acting on an friction accelerating car? [3] in opposite directions 11. What are the vertical forces acting on a Weight (downwards) boat? [2] Upthrust or buoyancy (upwards) 12. If there is a resultant force on a moving object will it accelerate or travel at a steady Accelerate speed? [1] Force on the object 13.To change the acceleration of an object you would need to change… [2] Mass of the object 9. What does elastic mean? [1] 14. The name given to energy stored in a stretched elastic band [1] Elastic potential energy 15. When 2 objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are said to be… [1] Equal and opposite 16. What is the name of the force that causes heating effects? [1] Friction 17. What is the unit of mass? [1] Kilograms 18. Name the letters in this equation F=ma F = force (N) a = acceleration (m/s2) m = mass (kg) 19. If an object has an acceleration of 10 m/s2 and a mass of 2 kg what is the size of the force? 20.If an object has an acceleration of 5 m/s2 and a mass of 20 kg what is the size of the force? 21.If a 20N force is applied to a mass of 2 kg what is the acceleration? 22.If a 15N force is applied to a mass of 3 kg what is the acceleration? 23. What is the mass of a toy car if it has an acceleration of 2 m/s2 when a force of 8 N is applied? 24. Name the letters in F = ke 25.If a spring with a spring constant of 10 N/m, stretches 0.5 m, what was the force applied? 26. If a spring with a spring constant of 5 N/m, stretches 2 m, what was the force applied? 27.If a spring with a spring constant of 5 N/m, stretches 20 cm, what was the force applied? 28.If a force of 10N is applied to a spring with a spring constant of 5 N/m, how much does the spring stretch? 29.If a force of 50N is applied to a spring which stretches 2 m, what is the size of the spring constant? F = force (N) k = spring constant (N/m) e = extension (m) motion 1. How is velocity different to speed? [1] 2. How can you calculate speed from a distance-time graph? [2] Velocity is speed in a certain direction From the gradient because speed = distance / time 3. Define Acceleration [1] The rate at which velocity changes. 4. How can you calculate acceleration from a velocity-time graph? [1] From the gradient because; acceleration = change in velocity / time 5. What is braking distance? [1] The distance a vehicle travels whilst the brakes have been applied. 6. What is thinking distance? [1] The distance a vehicle travels whilst the driver is thinking about braking. 7. What is stopping distance? [2] The total distance a vehicle travels to come to a stop. It is the sum of the breaking and thinking distances 8. What is terminal velocity? [1] This is a steady speed caused when the forces are balanced. Example is a sky diver 9. List 3 ways of increasing braking distance [3] Wet or icy road Worn brakes Worn tyres 10. List 3 ways of increasing thinking distance [3] Drugs or alcohol Tired Using a mobile phone 11. Why does a sky diver have a large parachute? [3] To increase the surface area To increase the drag force To decrease the acceleration 12. What is the unit of acceleration? [1] m/s2 13. What is the unit of velocity? [1] m/s 14. Equation to calculate speed [1] Speed = distance / time 15. If a car travels 500m in 20 seconds, what is its speed? [1] 16.If a bike travels 200m in 2 seconds, what is its speed? [1] 17. If a rabbit hops 30m at a speed of 2 m/s, how long will it take? [1] 18.If a plane travels 40km at a speed of 50 m/s, how long will it take? [1] 19. If a car travels for 300 seconds at a speed of 15 m/s, how far has it travelled? [1] 20.If a car travels for 40 minutes at a speed of 15 m/s, how far has it travelled? [1] 21. Equation to calculate acceleration [1] a =(v – u) / t 22. If a car starts from rest (starting velocity is 0 m/s) and accelerates to a velocity of 100 m/s in 20 seconds, what is its acceleration? [1] 23. If a car starts to accelerate from a velocity of 5 m/s to a velocity of 25 m/s in 20 seconds, what is its acceleration? [1] 24.If a boat starts to accelerate from a velocity of 20 m/s to a velocity of 30 m/s in 5 seconds, what is its acceleration? [1] 25. If a train starts from rest and accelerates to a velocity of 80 m/s with an acceleration of 20 m/s/s, how long did it accelerate for? [1] 26. If a bus starts from rest and accelerates to a velocity of 10 m/s with an acceleration of 2 m/s/s, how long did it accelerate for? [1] 27.If a bike starts from rest and travels for 10 seconds with an acceleration of 2 m/s/s, what is the final velocity? [1] 28.If a car starts from rest and travels for 5 seconds with an acceleration of 3 m/s/s, what is the final velocity? [1] 29. Equation to calculate weight[1] 30. If a boy has a mass of 50kg, what is his weight? [1] W=m g