Download OUTLINE FOR ALTERATIONS IN CARDIAC FUNCTION

OUTLINE FOR ALTERATIONS IN CARDIAC FUNCTION
OBJECTIVES:
A. Name the three fetal structures that close to facilitate neonatal circulation.
B. Describe the presentation, and management of hypoxemia in an infant.
C. Describe the dynamics of congestive heart failure in an infant and a child.
D. Complete the study questions for the case study of a 3 mo old child with Down
Syndrome with congestive heart failure (CHF).
E. Describe the dynamics of pulmonary hypertension and the implications in the
child with obstructive heart disease.
F. Name one med from each of the four categories of meds used to treat CHF:
Digitalis, ACE inhibitors, Beta Blockers, Diuretics.
G. Articulate the modalities of supportive care as well as cardiac catheterization
and surgical treatments for children with conditions causing CHF.
H. State at least three factors that increase the risk of a child having congenital
heart disease (CHD).
I. Describe the hemodynamics of each of the following CHD: Pulmonary
Stenosis, Aortic Stenosis, Coarctation of the Aorta, Patent Ductus Arteriosus,
Atrial Septal Defect, Atrio-ventricular canal, Ventricular Septal Defect,
Transposition of the Great Arteries, Tetralogy of Fallot
J. List the above mentioned congenital heart defects according to two categories:
cyanotic/acyanotic ; obstructive/ non-obstructive.
K. List the major complications and nursing interventions associated with the
child undergoing a cardiac catheterization.
L. Describe the pathophysiology, implications for the child and nursing
interventions for the six acquired heart diseases presented in this chapter:
Rheumatic Fever, Infective Endocarditis, Cardiac Arrhythmias (tachy/brady),
Kawasaki Syndrome, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension.
M.
READINGS:
Ball, J. W. & Bindler, R. C. (2006). Child health nursing: Partnering with
children & families. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 26
p. 889-936, 938(skip medications used with arrhythmias)-953.
OUTLINE:
I. Transition from fetal to pulmonary circulation.
II. Hypoxemia in the infant and child.
III. Congestive Heart Failure
A. Case Study: 3 mo old with CHF and Down Syndrome
B. CHF in Obstructive Defects
1. Pulmonary Hypertension
2. Cardiomegaly
C. Medications
D. Supportive treatment
E. Surgical treatment
IV. Congenital Heart Disease
A. Developmental implications and assessment
B. Factors that increase the risk for CHD
C. Acyanotic Heart Defects: pathophysiology, assessment, nursing interventions
and implications for the child and family.
1. Obstructive/Acyanotic Heart Defects
a. PS
b. AoS
c. Coarc
2. Non-obstructive/Acyanotic Heart Defects
a. PDA
b. ASD
c. AV canal
d. VSD
D. Cyanotic Heart Defect: pathophysiology, assessment, nursing interventions
and implications for the child and family.
1. Tetrology
2. Transposition
3. Others
a. Hypoplastic LV
b. Tricuspid Atresia
c. Pulmonary Atresia
d. Truncus Arteriosus
e. Total Anomalous Venous Return
V. Acquired Heart Diseases
A. Rheumatic fever
B. Infective Endocarditis
C. Cardiac Arrhythmias
1. Tachy arrhythmias
a. sinus tachycardia
b. supraventricular tachycardia
2. Bradycardia
a. sinus bradycardia
b. long Q-T syndrome
c. bradycardia based upon age and baseline
D. Kawasaki Syndrome
E. Dyslipidemia
F. Hypertension