Download TGT QUESTIONS

TGT QUESTIONS
1. What are the building blocks of RNA and DNA?
2. What is the DNA shape called?
3. Who were the first to model the DNA structure?
4. Who was the first to take x-ray imagery of the DNA molecule?
5. DNA contains what kind of sugar?
6. RNA contains what kind of sugar?
7. Which nitrogen bases pair up with each other in DNA?
8. What holds the nitrogen bases together in the center of the DNA “zipper”.
9. What part of the backbone do the nitrogen bases attach to in DNA?
10. In RNA uracil replaces what nitrogen base?
11. Does every cell in an individual human contain same DNA?
12. Does every cell in an individual mushroom contain same DNA?
13. How do different cells in an organism have different functions if they all have the same DNA?
14. What happens in transcription?
15. What happens in translation?
16. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
17. What is replication?
18. What is the complementary DNA strand for AGCTAT?
19. What is the correct mRNA strand for this DNA strand AGCTAT?
20. A child inherits what percent DNA from each parent?
21. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
22. What is protein synthesis?
23. Proteins are made of what?
24. Where do we get our amino acids from?
25. What contains the instructions for making proteins?
26. Proteins are made where and by what organelle?
27. mRNA is responsible for what?
28. tRNA is responsible for what?
29. Where is DNA found?
30. If a section of DNA has 27% thymine, how much cytosine will it have?
31. What does Chargaff’s rule state?
32. How many new DNA molecules are produced after one strand of DNA replicates once?
33. Why must DNA replicate?
34. What is the first step of DNA replication?
35. What is the second step of DNA replication?
36. What enzyme helps the nucleotides attach to the open segments of DNA during replication?
37. What is a mutation?
38. Are all mutations bad?
39. What are three types of mutations?
40. Of the three types of mutations, which changes only one amino acid in the protein?
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Nucleotides
Double Helix
Watson and Crick
Rosalind Franklin
Deoxyribose
Ribose
Adenine pairs with Thymine, Cytosine pairs with Guanine
Thymine
Deoxyribose
Hydrogen bonds
Yes
Yes
Different genes “turn on” in different cells to produce the specific proteins needed for those cells’ functions.
DNA code is copied by mRNA and transferred to the ribosome
Using code from messenger RNA, transfer RNA brings amino acids to ribosome to produce proteins
DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose. DNA is douple stranded, RNA is single
stranded. DNA uses thymine. RNA uses uracil. DNA contains genetic code, while RNA is dependent upon
DNA for instructions
DNA makes copies of itself
TCGATA
UCGAUA
50%
Deoxyribose, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
The making of protein molecules by cells.
Amino Acids
Our amino acids come from the proteins in the food we eat. Our digestive systems break down the proteins into
their amino acids and they are transported to cells by the blood stream.
DNA
Proteins are made by ribosomes in the cytoplasm
Copies genetic information from DNA in nucleus and goes to ribosome to direct protein synthesis in cytoplasm
Transports amino acids to ribosome and adds them to the growing protein chain.
Nucleus
27%
There is the same amount of adenine as thymine in DNA, and the same amount of cytosine as guanine.
Two new strands
DNA must replicate so the daughter cells will each have a complete set of instructions after cell division
DNA unwinds and unzips.
Free nucleotides attach to exposed nitrogen bases on both sides of the open strands of DNA.
DNA polymerase
Any permanent change in DNA
No, some can be helpful.
Insertion, deletion and substitution
Substitution