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Download 8th Grade Dynamic Earth U4L1 Earth`s Layers
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Transcript
8TH GRADE DYNAMIC EARTH U4L1 EARTH’S LAYERS Earth’s Compositional Layers ■ Crust – Outermost, solid layer – Made of oxygen, silicon, aluminum – 2 types – continental and oceanic ■ ■ *3 layers based on chemical composition – crust, mantle and core *Layers made of different mixtures of chemicals Ocean has twice as much iron, calcium and magnesium Oceanic is denser than continental, but continental is thicker ■ Core – From below mantle to center of earth – Made mostly of iron and some nickel – Densest layer – 1/3 earth’s mass – Less oxygen, silicon, magnesium and aluminum than mantle ■ Mantle – Between core and crust – Hot, flowing, solid rock – Denser than crust – More magnesium, less aluminum and silicon than crust – Convection currents ■ Cooler rock sinks, warmer rock rises Earth’s Physical Layers ■ Divided by physical properties including – solid / liquid, how layer moves, how layer transmits waves ■ Lithosphere – Outermost, rigid – Made of crust and rigid part of mantle – Divided into tectonic plates ■ Asthenospheres – Weak/soft mantle – Rock – Flows slowly – Tectonic plates float on top ■ Mesosphere – Strong lower part of mantle – Rock – Flows more slowly than asthenosphere ■ Outer core – Liquid (molten metal!) – Beneath mantle, surrounds inner core ■ Inner core – Solid, densest – Goes from bottom of outer core to center – center is 6,380 km beneath surface!
