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COMPOSITIONAL LAYERS CRUST Outermost, Solid Layer 2: continental and oceanic Composed of; oxygen, silicon and aluminum Oceanic must denser (due to 2x the iron, calcium and magnesium) 30 km MANTLE Hot, slow-flowing rock Convection takes place here Cooler rock sinks, warmer rock rises Denser than crust 2,900 km CORE Mostly iron and nickel 1/3 of earth’s mass 3,430 km PHYSICAL LAYERS LITHOSPHERE Outermost, rigid layer Includes crust and upper mantle Divided into tectonic plates ASTHENOSPHERE Weak, soft, plastic layer Rock flows slowly Tectonic plates move along MESOSPHERE Strong, lower part of mantle Rocks flow more slowly that asthenospehere OUTER CORE Liquid layer INNER CORE Solid, dense center Solid due to extreme pressure