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Transcript
The Endocrine System functions • Controls body functions and helps maintain homeostasis by using hormones. • hormone – chemical messenger made in one cell or tissue that causes a change in another cell or tissue elsewhere in the body. • gland – a group of cells that make special chemicals for your body. organs • hormones • glands – pituitary – hypothalamus – pineal – thyroid – pancreas – adrenal – ovaries – testes pituitary and hypothalamus: Produces hormones that help control growth and the release of hormones from other glands. “control center” thymus: Immune system cells develop here pancreas: Produces insulin that helps control glucose movement to the cells. ovaries: Produces female reproductive hormones like estrogen. pineal: Produces hormones that help control sleep, aging, reproduction and body temperature. thyroid: Produces hormones that help control your metabolism (how fast your body uses energy) adrenals: Produces adrenaline that helps control your heart beat and breathing rate. testes: Produces male reproductive hormones like testosterone. • Hormones travel through the bloodstream. • They travel from the gland that makes them to every cell in the body. • But, only certain cells can respond to certain hormones. – target cell – the cell a certain hormone can affect. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjmS4_7k vDM Controlling hormone levels • The endocrine glands help keep the body in homeostasis by maintaining the right level of hormones. • feedback mechanism – a cycle of events in which information from one step controls or affects another step • negative feedback – effects of a hormone in the body cause the release of that hormone to be turned down. • positive feedback – effects of a hormone in the body cause the release of more of that hormone. • The endocrine system and the nervous system both send messages around the body. – Nervous system sends quick signals. – Endocrine system sends long lasting signals. • The endocrine system controls levels of growth hormone and tells your body when to stop producing it. Too much = gigantism Not enough = pituitary dwarfism