Download Assessment 8 Assessment I

Assessment 8
Ouestion
Number
Answer
Reporting
Category
TEKS
1
D
1
B.9A
Readiness
2
F
1
B.5D
Supporting
3
B
2
B.6H
B.3D
Supporting
4
F
2
B.6G
B.2H
Supporting
5
c
3
B.8A
6
G
3
B.7C
7
D
4
B.9C
Supporting
I
G
4
8.10C
Supporting
9
A
5
8.12E
B.1B
Supporting
10
G
5
8.12B,
B.3A
Supporting
Process
skiil
Supporting
or Readiness
Assessment
Process
skiil
Supporting
or Readiness
Supporting
B.2H
Supporting
I
0uestion
Number
Answer
Reponing
Gategory
TEKS
1
A
1
B.44
B.2H
Supporting
2
F
1
B.9D
B.3F
Supporting
3
D
2
B.64
Readiness
4
J
2
B.6H
Supporting
5
A
3
B.8B
B.2H
Readiness
6
J
3
B.7D
B,2H
Suppor"ting
7
D
4
8.1 OA
B.3C
Readiness
8
G
4
B.9C
B.2E
Supporting
I
A
5
8.12F
B.1A
Readiness
10
F
5
8.12C
B.2G
Readiness
Assessment 9
1
Study the concept map describing eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Many specialized
structures
Which characteristic{s} common to both eukaryotes and prokaryotes belong in
the box labeled with a question mark?
A
grow; reproduce, and respond to the environment
B
form large, multicellular organisms
C
reproduce only sexually
D
survive without a nucleus
2
3
The study of DNA began long before Francis Crick and James Watson
developed the double-helix model of the DNA structure. The basic structure
of the nucleotides, which make up a DNA molecule, was discovered in 1919
by Phoebus Levene. Levene discovered that nucleotides consisted of three
parts. What are the three parts of every nucleotide?
F
a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group
G
a glycerol molecule and one to three fatty acids
H
an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain called an R,group
J
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
Proteins have an important role in producing the traits of an organism. How
does DNA guide the synthesis of protein?
A
The DNA copies the sequence of amino acids found on the mRNA and
arranges them to form proteins which control the production of traits.
B
The DNA copies the sequence of nucleotide bases on the ribosomes. The
ribosomes convert the nucleotide bases into proteins through respiration.
C
The DNA transforms into RNA, which carries out the synthesis of
proteins as specified by the ribosomes.
D
The DNA contains a sequence of nucleotide bases that specify
amino acids that are used to synthesize proteins.
4
Advances in Dfffi1te€itfirlo@les have altowd scientists to sequenee,small
genornes such'as tli*'of vhttees'and bact€i*a. ln 199O, scientists fromthe
United States andfromother countries besah sx:e lluman Genome Prolect"
The goal of tho Human Genome Project is to
-
f
create a new organisrn using hurnan genetic materiel.
G
find cures for the most common genetic illnesses in humans,
H
develop a world-wide fund to pay for genetic research in humans.
J
analyze the human DNA sequence.
Look at the classificatlon chart.
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CTASS
SPECIES
ln classifying the domestic cat and dog, the species catus and familianb are
grouped together into *
A
the order Carnivora.
B
the genus Felis.
C
the family Canidae.
D
the genus Canis,
6
7
Rabbits experience induced ovulation, in which eggs are released only during
mating. An average litter for rabbits contains five to six offspring, and a
female adult can give birth to several litters per year. How do the rabbit's
reproductive traits contribute to the population's differential reproductive
success?
F
Rabbits produce mostly male offspring to prevent a rabbit population
explosion.
G
Rabbits produce just enough offspring to keep their population at an
equilibrium.
H
Rabbits mate only once every five to six years to prevent a rabbit
population explosion.
J
Rabbits produce more offspring than can survive to maintain a steady
population of rabbits.
A maker of antacids advertises that its product relieves stomach discomfort
following a large meal. The maker is hoping that the reader will infer that the
antacids neutralize stomach acid. To which system does the stomach belong,
and what is the function of the system?
A
the circulatory system, which carries blood containing nutrients absorbed
from the stomach to the rest of the body
B
the excretory system, which causes the stomach to excrete acids to
break down food
C
the central nervous system, which signals to the stomach that it is empty
and that the body needs more food
D
the digestive system, which breaks nutrients into usable form to be
absorbed into the blood stream for the body to use
8
Catalase is an enzyme that helps break down hydrogen peroxide that is
formed in cells into water and oxygen gas. Andi conducts an investigation to
test her hypothesis that catalase is most active around 37"C, the average
body temperature of many mammals. To test her hypothesis, Andi saturates
a filter-paper disk with catalase obtained from liver. Wearing safety gloves
and safety goggles, she lifts the filter-paper disk with forceps and drops it into
a beaker filled with hydrogen peroxide solution. She observes that bubbtres
forming on the disk lift the disk to the surface of the solution. She repeats
the same procedure several times using hydrogen peroxide solutions at
different temperatures, as measured with a Celsius thermometer. Based on
her data, she concludes that her original hypothesis is correct.
ln what way did catalase increase the reaction in the solution?
F lt raised the activation
energy.
G lt lowered the activation
energy.
H lt released energy.
J
9
lt absorbed energy.
A biology class conducts a field investigation to study a stream ecosystem.
Wearing boots, long pants, and long-sleeved shirts, the students arrive at the
investigation site and discover that beavers have built a dam across the
stream, creating a pond. The beavers are using the dam to create their
habitat. The biology students observe that the dam influences the stream
ecosystem's stability by -
A
removing old habitat and creating new habitat.
B
removing water from the ecosystem.
C
adding a new predator to the ecosystem.
D
bringing humans into the ecosystem.
10
Study the meadow ecosystem food web.
Meadow Ecosystem Food Web
1
grass
W
berries
Energy flows through an ecosystem as one organism eats another organism.
A food web shows the feeding relationships among the various organisms in
an ecosystem. Based on the food web, which human activity would disrupt
the energy flow in the meadow ecosystem the most?
F
building a parking lot over the meadow
G
hunting the rabbits in the meadow
H
removing the snakes from the meadow
J
destroying the hawk's habitat
Assessment
1
I
Organic compounds found in living organisms are called biomolecules. Study
the incomplete table comparing the structures of the four groups of
biomolecules found in living organisms.
Biomolecule
Subunit in Biomolecule
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which table correctly matches the biomolecules with their subunits?
c
A
Biomolecule
Subunit in Biomolecule
Biomolecule
Subunit in Biomolecule
carbohydrates
amino acids
carbohydrates
glucose
lipids
glucose
lipids
amino acids
proteins
glycerol and fatty acids
proteins
glycerol and fatty acids
nucleic acids
nucleotides
nucleic acids
nucleotides
D
B
Biomolecule
Subunit in Biomolecule
Biomolecule
Subunif in Biomolecule
carbohydrates
glycerol and fatty acids
carbohydrates
glucose
lipids
glucose
lipids
glycerol and fatty acids
proteins
amino acids
proteins
amino acids
nucleic acids
nucleotides
nucleic acids
nucleotides
2
3
Scientists have discovered that certain cells with a defect in a gene called p53
can cause a serious disease. Gene p53 normally prevents the cell cycle from
continuing until proper ehromosome replication has occurred. Defective p53
genes can cause cells to undergo uncontrolled growth. Which type of disease
is most likely to be caused by a defect in p53?
F
cancer
G
chicken pox
H
strep throat
J
pneumonia
DNA stores the information for an organism's proteins. Molecular biologists
can manipulate DNA to change how these proteins are expressed in an
organism, How can manipulation of DNA be used to improve agriculture?
A
DNA manipulation can help engineers design better harvesting
equipment.
B
DNA manipulation can lead to increased crop yields.
C
DNA manipulation can help scientists receive more grant funding.
D
DNA manipulation can help meteorologists influence weather patterns
thereby helping crops grow.
Look at the concept map that describes the role of meiosis in
sexual reproduction.
involves
Somatic Cells
which undergo
Haploid Gametes
@**drertirizesb
What belongs in the incomplete circles labeled "V" and "W"?
F
rrvn
-
G 'V' H oV' J
rvr
-
egg, "W"
-
sperm, "W"
sperm
-
egg
chromatid, oW"
centromere
-
centromere, 'VV"
*
chromatid
5
Biologists use taxonomy in their study of organisms. Which definition of
taxonomy is used by biologists?
A
a standard of measurement for determining the size of organisms
B
a process to determine the intelligence of higher order organisms
C
a discipline
to name and group organisms in a universally accepted
classification system
D
6
a method of preserving dead organisms for research purposes
Over a period of several decades ecologists conduct an investigation on the
survival of a species of lizards. They summarize their results in a chart
showing the effect of color mutations on lizard survival.
Effect of Color Mutations on Lizard Survival
Brown
Lizards
Red
Lizards
Black
Lizards
lnitial
Population
Generation 1O
Generation 20
Generation 3O
80o/o
80o/o
7Oo/o
40o/o
1Oo/o
OVo
Oo/o
Oo/o
1Oo/o
20o/o
3Ao/o
6Ao/o
The ecologists conclude from these data that
-
F
natural selection produced a change in the color of individual lizards.
G
natural selection produced a change in the color distribution of the lizard
population.
H
natural selection produced a change in the survival of individual white
lizards.
J
natural selection produced a change in the genes of the lizard population.
7
Carbon dioxide is formed in cells as a waste product from many chemicaf
reactions. Carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce carbonic acid. An
enzyme called carbonic anhydrase in the bloodstream speeds up this reaction
by a factor of ten million. How is this enzymatic action beneficial to the
organism?
A
Carbonic anhydrase prevents the organism from becoming dehydrated by
binding water with carbon dioxide.
B
Carbonic anhydrase helps the digestion of food by synthesizing an
important stomach acid.
C
Carbonic anhydrase neutralizes acid build-up in the body by binding with
the carbonic acid in the bloodstream.
D
Carbonic anhydrase prevents carbon dioxide from building up in the
bloodstream by quickly removing the gas from the bloodstream.
The ocotillo is a plant that grows in the desert in the Southwestern
United States. The plant looks like bare sticks for most of the year.
During rare rain events, the ocotillo rapidly grows small, green leaves and
flowers. After it stops blooming, the ocotillo's leaves dry and fall off, and the
ocotillo returns to its bare state. This behavior of the ocotillo is an example of
how
a plant's nutrient transport system responds to changes in a plant's
reproductive system to help an entire plant reproduce.
G
a plant's growth and reproductive system respond to environmental
changes to help a plant survive in the desert.
H
an environment responds to water vapors released by a plant through
transpiration to create a micro-environment for an entire plant.
hormones released by a plant cause other plants to release pollen to
achieve fertilization and seed development.
Study the diagram depicting the nitrogen cycle.
N, in Atmosphere
fuB
One way nitrogen is cycled back into the soil is through the application of
synthetic fertilizers. What is a practical alternative to keep nitrogen in the
cycle so that synthetic fertilizers do not need to be applied to cropland?
A
Apply nitrogen-containing cow manure to the cropland.
lnstall lightning rods in the ground to direct lightning strikes into the soil
to release nitrogen into the soil.
c
Plant crops that do not require nitrogen in order to grow.
D
Remove trees from the land to reduce nitrogen uptake by the trees.
1O
The brown rat is considered to be a pest by humans. The rats carry diseases,
invade homes, and take food from storage areas. Brown rats are good
swimmers both on top of and below the water's surface. While they are poor
climbers, they are adapted to digging burrows and tunnels.
The kangaroo rat can survive without ever drinking any water. These rodents
get needed moisture from their seed diet. Like brown rats, they have
excellent hearing. Their large back legs enable them to escape predators by
jumping up to 9 feet 12.75 m) in a single iurnp.
ln what type of ecosystems would populations of brown rats and
kangaroo rats be found in greatest numbers?
F
Brown rat populations would be found in greatest numbers in a forest
ecosystem while kangaroo rat populations would be found in greatest
numbers in an urban ecosystem.
G
Brown rat populations would be found in greatest numbers in an
ecosystem near a water source, while kangaroo rat populations would be
found in greatest numbers in a desert ecosystem.
H
Both brown rat and kangaroo rat populations would be found in greatest
numbers in a desert ecosystem.
J
Both brown rat and kangaroo rat populations would be found in greatest
numbers in an ecosystem with a water source.