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Transcript
Introduction to Quantum Mechanics II
Quiz 14
Name:
December 7, 2012
The Zeeman effect is due to the interaction of the magnetic dipole moment
of the atom with an external magnetic field,
∆E = −µ · B.
For the orbital motion of the electron,
µ=
e
L,
2mc
where m is the mass of the electron, and L = r × p is the orbital angular
momentum. Consider the n = 3 states of the hydrogen atom. How many such
states are there? Label the states by the angular momentum and magnetic
quantum numbers, l and m, respectively. Let the direction of the external
magnetic field define the z axis. What is the shift in energy of these states due
to the magnetic field? Express your answer in terms of the Bohr magneton,
eh̄
. How many distinct energy levels are there belonging to principal
µB = 2mc
quantum number n = 3? Which state has the lowest energy?
Solution: There are n2 = 9 n = 3 states, labeled by
{|nlmi} = {|300i, |311i, |310i, |31, −1i, |322i, |321i, |320i, |32, −1i, |32, −2i}.
The energy shift is
eB
Lz = −µB Bm,
2me c
in terms of the magnetic quantum number m. Since m takes on the values
2, 1, 0, −1, −2, there are 5 energy levels. The lowest energy level is that for
m = −2 taking into account that the charge on the electron is negative.
∆E = −
1
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