Download BIPOLAR DISORDER

BIPOLAR DISORDER
Designed
by
Debra Caywood-Rukas
7/02
Bipolar
Disorder
What is Bipolar Disorder?
“Manic-Depression”
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A brain disorder affecting moods and energy that effects over 2
million in the U.S.A.*
Emotions, thoughts and moods are distorted resulting in mood
swings that are overly “high” to extremely sad and hopeless
Defined as having one or more manic or mixed episodes and
depression episodes lasting most of the day, every day for 2
weeks or more
A long-term illness that typically develops in adolescence or
early adulthood but symptoms often seen in childhood
Often misdiagnosed as ADHD, OCD, OD, CD and depression
and sometimes schizophrenia
Often leads to suicidal thoughts
Can be treated and lead full productive lives
Signs and Symptoms
MANIC
• Feelings of grandiosity or very
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high self-esteem, euphoric
Extreme talkativeness, racing
thoughts
Decreased need for sleep
Highly distractible
Engaged excessively with
pleasurable activities, often
recklessly
SIGNS IN YOUNGER CHILDREN
Poor sleep and night terrors
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High activity level
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Easily startled
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Bedwetting
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Oppositional behavior
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DEPRESSION
Ongoing sad, anxious or empty
mood
Lack of energy and ability to
concentrate
Sleeping too much or too little
Lacks interest in others and
activities, irritable, feeling hopeless
and worthless
Thoughts of death or suicide
Range of Mood and Emotion
severe mania
mild to moderate mania (hypomania)
normal-balanced mood
mild to moderate depression
severe depression
Treatment
• Just like long-term illnesses such as diabetes and
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heart disease, bipolar disorder is an illness that
requires medication to improve quality of life
Not all medications work for every person
Severity of moods and side effects must be weighed
Medical management by a psychiatrist is best
A combination of medication and talk therapy is
most effective, specifically cognitive behavior and
family therapy
Long-term management of symptoms reduces risk
of suicide
** suicide rate 10-15%, NIMH
Medication
“Mood-stabilizers”
Medicine combinations
Lithium reduces manic episodes and aggression. Eskalith, Lithobid,
Lithonate
• Side effects: upset stomach, tremors, headache, weight gain,
tiredness and difficulty with memory.
Anticonvulsants/Antiepileptics reduce seizures, mania, aggression.
Side effects include upset stomach and drowsiness.
• Tegretol Carbamazepine: nausea, irritability and agitation
• Depakene &, Depakote Valproic: hand tremors and loss of hair
• Neurontin/Gabapentin, Lamictal/lamotrigine,
Topamax/topiramate and Gabitril tiagabine are the newest
medications. Side effects are similar with the addition of
rash, nausea & dry mouth
School Accommodations
• Inform teacher how disorder is manifested and alert to side
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effects of medication
Is there an IEP? If so, accommodations, modifications and
interventions are written along with goals
Counseling with school psychologist or social worker
Reduced work load due to level of concentration and fatigue
Provide clear instructions to alleviate/prevent frustration
Offer instruction, corrections and feedback in a calm, positive
manner
Prearrange an area in and/or outside the classroom for the
student to retreat to when needed and a discrete cue
Allow extra time to complete assignments
Mutually choose a peer mentor to assist when needed
Consult with the school psychologist for additional information
Employ effective classroom management programs
Family Issues and
Interventions
• Attend to behavior such as rage with therapeutic
hold, quiet retreat area and pick your battles,
behavior modification does not work well
• Siblings relationships and marriages often become
strained
• Get family therapy
• Don’t ignore signs of suicide ideation or extreme
hopelessness
• Educate family on disorder and how to deal with
mood swings
• Seek support groups and parent resources
Resources
WEBSITES
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
http://www.bipolarbrain.com/SoWhatsBipolarIllness.html
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/bipolarmenu.cfm
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/manic.cfm
Excellent brochure and other pertinent information
National research of mental health , booklet. Articles
Northern County Psychiatric Association (Maryland)
http://www.ncpamd.com/Bipolar.htm
articles, links on disorder, meds, suicide, etc
Pediatric Psychiatry Pamphlets
http://www.klis.com/chandler/pamphlet/bipolar/bipolarpamphlet.htm
definition, case studies, treatment, side effects
Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation (CABF): Wilmette, IL
Phone: (847) 256-8525
http://www.bpkids.org/
National Mental Health Associatopn (NMHA)
http://www.nmha.org/infoctr/factsheets/76.cfm
Pediatrician Guide to Health and Safety
http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/
ASSOCIATIONS
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Bethesda, MD 20892-9663 Phone: (301) 443-4513
Depression and Related Affective Disorders Association (DRADA)
Johns Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore, MD 21287-7381
Phone: (410) 955-4647 or (202) 955-5800
National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI)
Arlington, VA 22201
Toll-Free: 1-800-950-NAMI (6264)
Web site: http://www.nami.org
National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association (NDMDA)
730 North Franklin Street, Suite 501
Chicago, IL 60610 Toll-Free: 1-800-826-3632 : http://www.ndmda.org
National Mental Health Association (NMHA)
Alexandria, VA 22314-2971 Toll-Free: 1-800-969-NMHA (6642)
E-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.nmha.org
BOOKS:
SCHOOL:
Illinois State Board of Education (ISBE)
http://www.isbe.state.il.us/; Special education information, IEP
MEDICAL TERMS AND MEDICATION INFORMATION
Dictionary:
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/AlphaIdx.asp?li=MNI&p=A_
DICT
RX Drugs:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/drug_Aa.html
http://www.healthsqr.com/aindex.htm
The Bipolar Child by Demitri F. Papolos M.D.
The Explosive Child by Ross W. Green Ph.D.
http://www.bipolarworld.net/job_school.html
http://www.schoolbehavior.com/conditions_bipolar.htm
http://www.nami.org/youth/schoolprog.html
SUPPORT GROUPS and DISCUSSIONS:
http://www.soc.support.depression.manic
http://www.families-first.com/whc/depression3.htm
http://www.bipolarparents.vitualave.net/
*National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
** Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR)
Thank You
The End