Download Homeostasis Unit Review Homeostasis and Feedback Loops 1

HomeostasisUnitReview
HomeostasisandFeedbackLoops
1.Definehomeostasis,negativefeedbackloop,positivefeedbackloop
2.Whatarethe3componentsofanegativefeedbackloop?Usethesetofullydescribethebody’sresponsetoheat
stressandcoldstress.
3.Explainapositivefeedbackloopusingoxytocinasanexample.
UrinarySystem
1. Define:osmoregulation,ammonia,urea,uricacid,nephron,renalartery,glomerulus,Bowman’scapsule,filtrate,
proximalconvolutedtubule,loopofHenle,renalmedulla,distalconvolutedtubule,collectingduct,ureter,
urethra,afferentarteriole,efferentarteriole,pyramid,renalpelvis,aldosterone,renin,angiotensin,ADH,
hypothalamus,pituitarygland,osmoreceptor,diabetesmellitus,diabetesinsipidus,bright’sdisease,kidney
stones,dialysis
2. Whatarethemainpartsoftheexcretorysystem?
3. Whatdeterminesifanorganismconvertsammoniaintoureaoruricacid?
4. Whatarethemainfunctionsofthekidney?
5. Whatisanephron?
6. Whichpart(s)ofthenephronislocatedintherenalcortex?Renalmedulla?
7. WhathappensintheloopofHenle?
8. IsthedescendingendoftheloopofHenlepermeabletowater?
9. Asyoumovetothecenterofthemedulla,doesitbecomeincreasinglyhypertonicorhypotonic?
10. IstheascendingendoftheloopofHenlepermeabletowater?
11. Whydoesdrinkingalcoholmakeyouhavetopeeoften?
12. Whatwouldbetheadaptationsofadesertanimal’sexcretorysystem?
13. Labelthefollowing:
14.Showthenegativefeedbackloopforosmoregulation.(*hint:ADH,hypothalamus,adrenalgland,aquaporin
channels,thirst,etc)
15.Whathappensduringfiltration,reabsorptionandsecretion?
16.Whataresomesubstancesthatdonotpassintothenephron?
17.HowispHregulatedintheblood?
EndocrineSystem
1.Define:endocrinegland,hormone,steroidhormone,proteinhormone,prostaglandins,oxytocin,ADH,
hypothalamus,anteriorpituitary,posteriorpituitary,Growthhormone(GH),Luteinizinghormone
(LH),Adrenocorticotropic(ACTH),Thyroid-stimulating(TSH),Follicle-stimulating(FSH),thyroidgland,epinephrine,
norepinephrine,cortisol,adrenalgland,pancreas,isletsoflangerhans,insulin,glucagon,gigantism,dwarfism,goiter,
hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism,thyroxin,
2.Canasteroidhormonepassamembrane?Whyorwhynot?
3.Canaproteinhormonepassamembrane?Whyorwhynot?
4.Chooseahormonepathwayanddescribethephysiologicaleffects,theregulationpathwayandadisorderassociated
withthehormonepathway.
5.Whataretheeffectsofinsulinandglucagon?
6.Befamiliarwithwherethehormonesareproduced,whattheytarget,andtheirfunction:
NervousSystem
1.Define:CNS,PNS,SomaticNS,AutonomicNS,SympatheticNS,ParasympatheticNS,neuron,nerve,Cellbody,
Dendrites,Axon,Myelinsheath,Terminalknob,Synapse,nodesofranvier,sensory(afferent)neurons,motor(efferent)
neurons,
2.Fullyexplainthefightorflightresponse.
3.Whymightsomeonefaintwhenscared?
4.Describeareflexarcandhowitworks.
5.Labelthebrain,spinalcordandthepartsofaneuron.
6.Describehowaneurontransmitsanimpulseandbeabletolabelanactionpotentialvoltagegraph.
Biotechnology
1. What is biotechnology? What are some risks and benefits?
2. What is PCR? How does it work? Used for?
3. How do you transform a bacterium? What’s a plasmid? What is this used for?