Download Exercise- Genetics 1. Which of the following statements is true of

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Applied Science
Health Care Studies –Human Physiology
Exercise- Genetics
1. Which of the following statements is true of mitosis but not of meiosis?
A. The chromosome number is halved.
B. Pairing of homologous chromosome occurs.
C. Produces genetic variations.
D. It increases the cell number for growth.
2. Three steps in meiosis are listed below:
S: attachment of chromosomes to the spindles
P: pairing of homologous chromosomes
T: separation of chromatids
The correct order of these steps is
A. P → T → S
B. P → S → T
C. S → P → T
D. T → S → P
The following three questions(3 to 5) refer to the diagram which represents part of a
DNA molecule.
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3. If N is adenine (A), which of the following is true of P?
A. Cytosine (C)
B. uracil(U)
C. guanine(G)
D. thymine(T)
4. L, M and N together make up a
A. nucleolus.
B. deoxyribosugar.
C. nucleotide.
D. organic base.
5. Which of the following correctly identifies the constituent parts of DNA>
Sugar
Phosphate
Organic base
A.
M
L
N
B.
M
N
L
C.
L
M
N
D.
N
L
M
6. Which of the following comparisons between DNA and RNA is wrong?
DNA
A.
B.
C.
D.
RNA
Double
stranded Single-stranded
helix
Deoxyribose sugar Ribose sugar
With phosphate
Without phosphate
Adenine paired up Adenine paired up with uracil
with thymine
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Applied Science
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7. The diagram below shows the base sequence of one strand of DNA
C
G
T
A
C
Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the base sequence of the other
strand?
A.
C
G T A C
B.
G C
A T G
C.
C
A T G
C
D.
T G A T C
The following three questions (8 to 10 ) refer to the photomicrographs below which
show four stages of a cell division.
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8. The correct order of this type of cell division is
A. (2) → (3) → (4) → (1)
B. (3) → (1) → (4) → (2)
C. (1) → (4) → (3) → (2)
D. (3) → (4) → (1) → (2)
9. Which of the following statements about the type and function of this cell division
is correct?
A. meiosis – for formation of gametes
B. mitosis – for formation of gametes
C. meiosis – for increasing the number of cells
D. mitosis – for increasing the number of cells
10. If the chromosome number of the parent cell is 46, what is the chromosome
number of cell X?
A. 34
B. 46
C. 58
D. 23
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The following three questions (11 to 13) refer to the human pedigree below, which
shows the inheritance of tongue rolling. Tongue rolling in human is controlled by a
single pair of alleles in which tongue rolling is dominant over non-tongue-rolling.
11. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Individual 4 is homozygous tongue roller.
B. Individual 1 is heterozygous tongue roller.
C. Individual 8 is homozygous tongue roller.
D. Individual 10 or 11 is heterozygous non-tongue roller.
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12. What is the probability of the second child of individuals 7 and 8 to be non-tongue
roller?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
13. Let R be the dominant character for tongue roller and r be the recessive character
for non-tongue roller. Which of the following crosses is true for individuals 1 and 2?
14. Which of the following statements about the chromosomes of human egg is
correct?
A. 22 autosomes and one Y chromosome
B. 22 pairs autosomes and one X chromosome
C. 22 autosomes and one X chromosome
D. 21 autosomes and one X chromosome and one Y chromosome
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15. Which of the following cannot bring about variations?
A. meiosis
B. mutation
C. environment
D. mitosis
16. Which disease(s) below is/are hereditary diseases?
1. Night blindness
2. Colour blindness
3. Hemophilia
A. 3 only
B. 1 & 2 only
C. 2 & 3 only
D. 1, 2 & 3
17. The inheritance of color blindness is sex-linked. A colour blinded man and a
normal vision woman can give birth to
1.
2.
3.
4.
normal vision son.
colour blindness daughter.
carrier daughter.
carrier son.
A. 1 & 3 only
B. 2 & 4 only
C. 1, 2 & 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3 & 4
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18. If half of the offspring of a parent are tongue roller (dominant) and half are
non-tongue roller. The parent type must have been
A. homozygous tongue roller
x
heterozygous tongue roller
B. heterozygous tongue roller
x
heterozygous tongue roller
C. heterozygous tongue roller
x
homozygous non-tongue roller
D. homozygous tongue roller
x
heterozygous non-tongue roller
19. Albinism in human is controlled by a single pair of alleles. Albinism is a recessive
character. The probability of father with normal skin pigment and mother with
normal skin pigment in giving birth to an albino child is
5. 0%
6. 25%
7. 50%
A. 2 only
B. 3 only
C. 1 & 2 only
D. 2 & 3 only
20. A boy with recessive sex-linked character must have received his recessive gene
from his
A. mother
B. father
C. both mother and father
D. grandmother
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21.The synthesis of protein is directed by
A. endoplasmic reticulum
B. DNA
C. ribosomes
D. RNA
22. The diagram below shows part of a strand of DNA
C
G A T A
Which of the following is correct for a corresponding part of a RNA molecule?
A.
B.
G C
C
T U
GU
C.
A T C
D.
G C
T
A T
G
C
U A U
23. The pathway of protein synthesis by DNA is called
A. translation.
B. replication
C. transcription.
D. mutation.
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24. Sex is determined at the time of
A. formation of gametes.
B. birth.
C. union of gametes.
D. ovulation.
25. The diagram below shows two homologous chromosomes of a cell. A pair of
alleles T and t is also shown on the chromosomes
Which of the following are types of gamete formed by this cell after meiosis?
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26. Hemophilia is a sex-linked hereditary disease. Hemophilia is due to a recessive
gene (h). The followings are the genotypes of four persons
1. XHY
2. XHYh
3. XhXh
4. XhY
The phenotypic ration between normal male offspring to hemophilic female
offspring from a cross between persons 2 and 4 is
A. 1 : 1
B. 2 : 1
C. 1 : 2
D. 3 : 1
27. Colour blindness is a sex-linked hereditary disease. Normal vision (C) is dominant
over colour blindness (c).
XCY
XCY
XCxc
x
P
XcY
XCXC
The genotype of P is
A. XCXC
B. XCXc
C. XcXc
D. XCY
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28. Which of the following is a correct sequence in the control of protein synthesis in
the cell?
A. DNA → ribosome→ mRNA → protein
B. mRNA → DNA → ribosome → protein
C. DNA → mRNA→ ribosome → protein
D. mRNA → tRNA→ ribosome→ protein
Questions (28 to 30) refer to the diagrams below which show two dividing cells S and
P at the same stage.
29. The original chromosome number in cells S and P are respectively
S
P
A.
8
4
B.
4
8
C.
4
4
D.
8
8
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30. The type of cell division undergoing by cells S and P are respectively
A.
S
Meiosis
P
Mitosis
B.
Mitosis
Meiosis
C.
Meiosis
Meiosis
D.
Mitosis
Mitosis
31. The chromosome number of each daughter cell formed from cell S is
A. 2
B. 4
C. 8
D. 16
32. The diagrams below show an inheritance of eye colour in a family.
Brown-eye
Parents
Blue gene
Blue-eye
Blue gene
x
Brown gene
Blue gene
Gametes
Blue
gene
Brown
gene
Blue
gene
Blue
gene
Children (F)
?
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Which of the following is true for the dominant eye colour and phenotypic ratio of the
F1 generation:
A. blue; 1 blue : 1 brown
B. blue; 1 blue: 3 brown
C. brown; 3 blue: 1 brown
D. brown; 1 blue: 1 brown
33. Which of the following comparisons about mitosis and meiosis is wrong?
Mitosis
Meiosis
A.
For growth
B.
Chromosome
number
No genetic
variation
Pairing of
homologous
chromosomes
For gametes
formation
Chromosome
number is halved
Brings about
genetic variation
No pairing of
homologous
chromosomes
C.
D.
34. Which process(es) below is/are responsible for maintaining a constant
chromosome number from generation to generation?
1. meiosis
2. division of the fertilized egg
3. fertilization
A. 1 only
B. 3 only
C. 1 & 3 only
D. 1, 2 & 3
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35. The final appearance of a person depends on
A. environment only.
B. inheritance only.
C. inheritance and intelligence.
D. environment and inheritance.
36. Which of the following human characteristics is not inherited?
A. fatty abdomen
B. blood groups
C. ability to roll tongue
D. iris colour
37. A sex-linked gene is
A. only passed on from father to son.
B. Found on the X chromosome.
C. Only passed on from mother to daughter.
D. Found on the Y chromosome.
38. The following show some triplet codes of the mRNA with their corresponding
amino acids.
Codes of mRNA
Amino acid
GCC
alanine
AAG
lysine
UAU
tyrosine
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Which DNA code below would result in part of a polypeptide chain having the
amino acids sequence lysine-alanine- tyrosine?
A. CCT
CCC
AAT
B. TTC
CGC
TAT
C. TTC
CGC
ATA
D. CTT
GGG
TAT
39. Which of the following phenotypes is an effect of both inheritance and the
environment?
A. blood groups
B. colour of skin
C. re-green colour blindness
D. eye colour
40. A red-haired man marries a brown-haired woman, and all the children are
brown-haired. Which explanation below is true?
A. Both parents are homozygous for red and brown-haired respectively;
brown-haired is dominant.
B. Both parents are heterozygous for red and brown-haired respectively;
brown-haired is dominant.
C. Both parents are homozygous for red and brown-haired respectively;
red-haired is dominant.
D. Both parents are heterozygous for red and brown-haired respectively;
red-haired is dominant.
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Answer
1.D
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. B
8.B
9. D
10. B
11. B
12. B
13. D
14. C
15. D
16. C
17. C
18. C
19. C
20. A
21. B
22. D
23. A
24. C
25. C
26. A
27.B
28. C
29. C
30. A
31. A
32.D
33. D
34. C
35. D
36. A
37. B
38. C
39. B
40. A
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