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Action Verbs 1 Words that express the action in a sentence. Tells what someone or something does(present), did(past), or will do(future). Examples: Mary likes chocolate. John went to the store. 2 Verb Tense (regular verbs) 3 The time the action happened 3 basic verb tenses: Present – now Past – before now Future – after now 4 Two Kinds of Present Tense 5 There are two kinds of present tense: 1. right now is am action + verb (ing) are I am writing my story. 2. Happens always or ongoing action verbs (s) He is writing. She watches the news everyday. I watch the news everyday. They are writing their stories. 6 Past Tense Regular Verbs 7 Regular verbs follow a consistent pattern when we change from present to past tense. Present past Verb verb + (ed) Jump jumped Talk talked Laugh laughed 8 Past Tense Irregular Verbs 9 Irregular verbs have either a spelling change OR they stay the same from present tense to past tense. present eat run go cut hit strike past ate ran went cut hit struck 10 Future Tense (verbs) 11 Three simple forms of future tense: will + action can + verb shall will run will walk will think can run can walk can think shall run shall walk shall think 12 Verb Phrase 13 Sometimes the verb is made up of more than one word. verb phrase = 1 or more helping verbs + action verb Sally will be running. The chicken did cross the road. 14 What is a Sentence? 15 A sentence must… 1. have a subject and a verb 2. Express a complete though Sally ran. The dog is behaving well today. 16 Linking Verbs or (State – of – being verbs) 17 Linking verbs are used to link the subject to a noun or adjective later in a sentence. is, am, are, was, were, be, been, seem, become, feel, look, taste, appear Exampls: He is happy The ducks were alive Mr. Bush is the President 18 Subject/ Verb Agreement 19 The subject and verb must agree Present tense Mark eats. Mark and John eat. Singular Plural First person I sing We wing Second person You sing You sing Third person He/she/it sings They sing Only third person singular adds an “s” 20 The Verb “to be” 21 The verb “to be” is irregular in present and past tense. Singular Plural Present Past Present Past I am I was We are We were Second person You are You were You are You were Third person He/she/it was They are They were First person He/she/it is 22 Helping Verbs 23 A verb that combines with an action verb to make a verb phrase. Is am are Has have Does do Be Will Must being would might was were had did been can could shall should may 24 Use Questions to Help Find the Subject and Verb in a Sentence 25 1. Find the subject by asking: “what or who is the sentence about?” (look early in the sentence.) 2. Find the verb by asking: “what is the subject doing?” “is there an action?” if yes, look for helping verbs. If no look for linking verb – “is the subject being?” 1. Who is this sentence about? The carpenter had been building homes for seven years. 2. What did the carpenter do? The carpenter had been building homes for seven years. 26 Participate Form of Verbs 27 the participle form of verbs can be like this: has had + past participle form of the verb have For regular verbs has, have or had + verb(ed) For irregular verbs was, have or had + past irregular verb (use handout “an alphabetical list of irregular verbs.) 28 Verbs With Singular Pronouns as Subjects 29 The following pronouns are singular when they are used as subjects: each either neither one everyone no one nobody anyone someone somebody Singular subjects take verbs that usually have an “s” on the end. s v Each jumps s v one knows s v nobody has 30 Forms of: Be/Have/Do 31 Be Have do is have do are had does am has did was having doing were be being been 32 Some Words Can Divide the Parts of a Verb 33 Some words can fall between keeping verbs and the action verb in sentences but these are not part of the verb. Can not have walked Must quickly run Has already gone Will not go 34 Verb Conjugation 35 To conjugate a verb, write all 6 tenses. Present Happening now or ongoing Present perfect Have + verb (ed) Has + verb (ed) Past Before now Past perfect Had + verb (ed) Future Often now Future perfect Will have + verb (ed) Example: jump/jumps jumped will jump have jumped/has jumped had jumped will have jumped 36 Words to use With Participle 37 Have Present Past Has had I have climbed Regular I have jumped Regular He ahs smoked Regular He has forgotten Irregular We had walked Regular We had written Irregular 38 Regular Action verb Conjugation 39 Action verb: walk Present Past Future Walk Walks Will, can, shall Is, am, are Walked + + Walk walking Action verb: jump Present Past Future Jumped Will, can, shall Jump Jumps Is, am, are jumping + jumping 40 Irregular Action Verb Conjugation 41 Action verb: make Present Past Future Pres. part. Past part. Make Made (spelling changes) Will, can, shall + Make Has, have + Made Had + Made Makes Am, are making Action verb: eat Present Past Future Pres. part. Past part. Eat Ate Will, can, shall + Eat Has, have + Eaten Had + Eaten Eats Am, are + eating 42 Infinitive or Prepositional Phrase? (not verbs!) 43 Do not confuse infinitives with prepositional phrases. Infinitive = to + verb (to jump/ to sit) Prep. Phrase = to _____ noun (to the store/ to him) 44