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Anatomy and Physiology 141
Fall 2014: Exam IA
Name: ____________________________________________
Use the following list to answer Question 1.
1
2
3
4
5
1.
Golgi apparatus
Nuclear membrane
Mitochondria
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Which of the cellular components listed above are part of the endomembrane system and
surrounded by a double membrane?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2.
Genetically abnormal cells that appear similar to the connective tissue from which they are derived are
classified as which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3.
Malignant carcinoma
Malignant sarcoma
Benign carcinoma
Benign sarcoma
Hypertrophic tumor
In regards to bone homeostasis, which of the following is TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4.
1, 4 & 5
4&5
1, 2 & 4
All but 3
All of the above
Calcitonin facilitates the formation of Vitamin D
PTH activates osteocytes
PTH increases the amount of Ca2+ secreted by the kidney tubules
Calcitonin activates osteoblasts
PTH is a thyroid hormone
All of the following are characteristics of homeostatic mechanisms EXCEPT:
a.
Positive feedback mechanisms return body variables to their set points by
increasing the
body variable
b.
Effector systems are controlled by central processors
c.
Receptors detect changes in body variables
d.
Central processors send efferent signals
e.
A&D
5.
In regards to the cranial vault, which of the following is TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
6.
All the following are characteristics of mitosis EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
7.
Cranial cavity
Pericardial cavity
Pleural cavity
Mediastinum
A&D
In regards to the microscopic anatomy of bone, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
10.
Dendritic cells
Meisner corpuscles
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
B&D
Assuming the body is in the correct anatomical position, which of the following are dorsal body
cavities and divided by a mid-sagittal plane?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
9.
Kinetochores connect spindles to the centriole
Following anaphase, two spindles attach to each centromere
Dividing cells have at least two copies of the DNA during all phases of mitosis
A&B
A, B & C
All of the following may be found in the stratum basale EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
8.
The parietal bone does not articulate with the sphenoid bone
The temporal bone articulates with sphenoid bone
The frontal bone articulates with the occipital bone
The lamboid suture connects the temporal and occipital bones
A&B
Trabeculae are surrounded by the endosteal membrane
Lacunae are connected by canaliculi
Blood vessels are found within Volksman canals
Haversian canals are perpendicular to the long axis of the osteon
C&D
Which of the following sequences are arranged from latest to earliest?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Anaphase, telophase, metaphase, prophase, G2, s-phase
Anaphase, telophase, metaphase, prophase, s-phase, G2
Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, G1, s-phase
Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, G2, s-phase
Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, s-phase, G2
Use the following list to answer Question 11.
1
2
3
4
11.
Scapular
Popliteal
Brachial
Umbilical
d.
e.
The cells of the nervous system are immersed aqueous fluid and connected by desmosomes
Smooth muscle lack striations and can be activated voluntarily
All connective tissue types include fibers in their matrix
Most epithelial tissue is vascular
All of the above are TRUE
Of the following terms, which is used to describe the genetic material that undergoes synapsis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
15.
When present, the stratum lucedum is the thickest layer of the epidermis
The stratum granulosum contains cells that lack organelles
The stratum corneum is comprised of mostly fragments of plasma membrane that
include keratin
The stratum basale contains fewer layers than any other epidermal layer
A&B
In regards to the characteristic of the four basic tissue types, which of the following is TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
14.
3&8
1, 3, 7 & 8
3, 7 & 8
3, 6 & 8
1, 3, & 8
In regards to the layers that comprise the epidermis, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
13.
Sural
Mental
Pectoral
Acromial
The body is first sectioned by a horizontal plane that passes through the inguinal region. The
superior section is then sectioned by a para-sagittal plane that passes through the axillary region
on the right side of the body. Which of the regions listed above can be found on only the lateral
section created by the para-sagittal plane?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
12.
5
6
7
8
Chromatin
Homologous chromosome pairs
Chromosomes
Chromatids
Sister chromatids
In regard to the general characteristics of connective tissue, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
All types of connective tissue have fibers embedded in an extracellular matrix
Some types of connective tissue are vascular
All types of cartilage lack nervous tissue
All types of connective tissue arise from the embryological mesoderm
Components of the ground substance is acquired through dietary intake
16.
The maintenance of life depends on all of the following EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
17.
In regards to the gross anatomy of bone, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
18.
Synapsis can only occur during prophase of meiosis I
Synapsis can only occur between a maternal and a paternal chromosome
B&D
Hyaline cartilage is the most widely distributed type of cartilage
Lacunae are not found in fibrocartilage
Collagen is the most fiber found in the matrix of fibrocartilage
All types of cartilage are surrounded by a perichondral membrane
C&D
All of the following are characteristics of the cytoskeleton EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
21.
Synapsis occurs at chiasmata
Chromosomes that undergo synapsis have more genes than they did prior to
In regards to cartilage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
20.
Epiphysis may include more than one epiphyseal plates
In adults, red marrow is primarily located in the diploe of short bones
Most bones have a disc of fibrocartilage that covers the surface of the epiphysis
The medulary cavity is surrounded by the endosteal membrane
Yellow marrow is present in the medullary cavity of mature bone
In regards to synapsis, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
synapsis
c.
d.
e.
19.
Boundaries separating the internal environment from the outside world
Mechanisms that permit cells to ingest food
Biochemical pathways that permit energy stored in complex molecules to be released
The capacity to reproduce
Ability to respond to stimuli in the natural world
Microfilaments are connected to the centriole and inner surface of the plasma
membrane
Microfilaments are contractile proteins that allow the cell to change shape
Spindles are formed from intermediate fibers
A&B
A&C
In regards to the contribution of that the sphenoid bone makes to the skull, which of the following is
NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The sphenoid bone articulates with all the other cranial bones
The sphenoid bone contributes to the lateral surface of the skull
The greater wing of the sphenoid bone forms the anterior cranial fossa
The sphenoid bone contributes to the posterior aspect of the eye orbit
A&C
22.
In regards to the cell cycle, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
23.
In regard to the temporal bone, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
24.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Apical cell layers that undergo mitosis frequently
Receive oxygen and nutrients by diffusion
May be classified based on the shape of the most superficial cell layer
Located in areas within the body that are in contact with fluid
A&D
In regards to meiosis, which of the following is TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
27.
Peripheral proteins are usually associated with regions of the membrane that are
hydrophilic
Hydrophobic regions of phospholipids are located in the center of the membrane
Integral proteins may act as membrane channels
Phosphate functional groups attached to phospholipids are only in contact with the
fluid surrounding the outside of the cell
C&D
All of the following are properties of epithelial cells EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
26.
The external auditory meatus is superior to the styloid process
The petrous region houses the middle and inner ear
The two temporal bones connect to form the middle cranial fossa
The mastoid portion of the temporal bone is closest to the occipital bone
The styloid process is the site for muscle attachment
In regards to the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane, which of the following is NOT
TRUE?
a.
25.
Chromatids are replicated during the S phase
For non-dividing cells, G0 is the longest stage of the life cycle
Gene expression may occur during G2 of the cell cycle
S phase must occur for cells to divide
A&B
Synapsis exchanges genetic information between sister chromatids
Sister chromatids separate during Prophase II
Cells at the beginning of Metaphase II are haploid
A&C
A, B & C
In regard to sweat glands, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Sebum mau limit the growth of some basteria
Apocrine glands are localized to only axillary body regions
Eccrine glands are activated by the sympathetic nervous system
Sebaceous glands are holocrine grands
Ceruminous glands are only found in the auditory canal
28.
In regards to membrane transport, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
a.
the
b.
c.
d.
e.
29.
Cellular energy is not required during non-selective movement of materials across
cell membrane
Receptors present on the coated pit selectively bind extra-cellular materials during
receptor mediated endocytosis
Osmosis moves water from areas with lower solute concentration to areas with higher
solute concentration
Pinocytosis is the selective movement of fluid and dissolved materials into cells
A&D
In regards to the function and location of the different types of tissue, which of the following is NOT
TRUE?
a.
Respiratory membrane of the lungs is comprised mainly of simple columnar epithelial
b.
c.
Collecting duct of the kidney is comprised mainly of simple cuboidal epithelial tissue
Articulations between two long bones is likely to include a type of connective tissue that is
vascular
Mucosal layer of the trachea is likely to include a type of epithelial tissue that has cilia
A&C
tissue
d.
e.
Use the following table to answer Question 30.
1
2
3
4
30.
Simple squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelium
5
6
7
8
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Of the tissue types listed above, which are commonly present in areas of the body where
damage to the apical surface of the tissue is likely?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1&2
1, 2, 4 & 7
2, 4, 5 & 7
2, 4 & 7
2, 4, 7 & 8