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Transcript
Ch 7 Momentum Notes Momentum Momentum is the measure of an object’s translational motion – it’s tendency to continue moving in a particular direction. Momentum The momentum of an object: on the object’s mass. Momentum In symbols: Depends Momentum is directly proportional to mass. Depends p = mv on the object’s velocity. Momentum m v is directly proportional to velocity. Momentum Momentum is a vector quantity. Common units of momentum: kg m/s p Impulse The impulse exerted on an object depends on: The force acting on the object. Impulse The is directly proportional to force. time that the force acts. Impulse is directly proportional to time. 1 Ch 7 Momentum Notes Impulse In Impulse symbols: Impulse is a vector quantity. Common units of impulse: N s I = Ft I F t Impulse & Momentum The impulse exerted on an object Impulse & Momentum In symbols: equals the object’s change in momentum. I = ∆p Another way of saying this: Momentum is transferred to an object via an impulse. Impulse & Momentum Different forces exerted for different amounts of time can transfer the same momentum. Impulse = LARGE FORCE * short time = small force * LONG TIME Conservation of Momentum Since impulse = change in momentum, If no impulse is exerted on an object, the momentum of the object will not change. 2 Ch 7 Momentum Notes Conservation of Momentum no external forces act on a system, the total momentum of the system will not change. If Conservation of Momentum is conserved in every isolated system. Momentum Such a system is called an “isolated system”. Conservation of Momentum Another way to think about it is: Internal forces can never change the total momentum of a system. Conservation of Momentum In practice, for any event in an isolated system: Momentumafter = Momentumbefore The End. 3
