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STUDY GUIDE Natural Disasters 1. Which of the following is a destructive geological process? A. volcanic activity B. earthquake C. mountain-building D. weathering 2. Which scale relates the wind speed of a hurricane to the amount of damage it causes? A. Richter scale C. Saffir-Simpson scale B. Fujita-Pearson scale D. Modified Mercalli scale 3. The theory of plate tectonics best explains which of the following? A. how and why individual plates on Earth’s crust remain in motion B. what keeps individual plates on Earth’s crust from moving C. causes of destructive geological processes on Earth’s surface D. location and magnitude of upcoming earthquakes and volcanoes 4. Near-surface earthquakes occur at which type or types of plate boundaries? A. divergent boundaries, or spreading zones B. convergent boundaries, or subduction zones C. both divergent and convergent boundaries D. transform fault boundaries, where one plate slides over another 5. A tropical storm is officially classified as a hurricane when it reaches which wind speed? A. 23 miles per hour C. 74 miles per hour B. 40 miles per hour D. 98 miles per hour 6. In which region of Earth is a tornado most likely to occur? A. Mexico B. Midwest United States C. Central Asia D. Europe 7. In an earthquake, which type or types of seismic waves are most destructive? A. primary waves C. large waves B. secondary waves D. All types are about equally destructive. 8. A hurricane frequently produces which of the following types of floods? A. tsunami C. regional flood B. storm surge D. flash flood 9. Volcanic activity around the Pacific Ring of Fire occurs at which type of tectonic plate location? A. hot spots near the centers of plates B. transform fault boundaries near Earth’s surface C. divergent boundaries, or spreading zones between plates D. convergent boundaries, or subduction zones where plates slide over each other 10. A heat wave is a type of weather extreme that often coincides with which other type of disaster? A. drought C. flood B. thunderstorm D. tornado
