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Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the three diagrams below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagrams represent stages in the formation of a large depositional feature formed as a river deposited sediment over time in the ocean. Letter A represents a location in the ocean. 1. Identify the largest particle diameter of sediment that can be carried by the water current at location A, if the water has a velocity of 0.05 cm/s. 2. Describe the arrangement of the sediments deposited where the river enters the ocean. 3. State the name of this large depositional feature forming in the ocean. Page 1 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR Base your answers to questions 4 through 8 on the map below, which shows a meandering stream as it enters a lake. Points A through D represent locations in the stream. 4. Deposition is affected by particle density. On the grid, draw a line to show the relationship between particle density and settling rate. 5. The stream velocity at point C is 100 centimeters per second and the stream velocity at point D is 40 centimeters per second. Identify one sediment particle most likely being deposited between points C and D. 6. Describe how the size and shape of most pebbles change when the pebbles are transported in a stream over a great distance. 7. State the relationship between stream velocity and the size of the sediment the stream can carry. 8. Draw a cross-sectional view of the general shape of the stream bottom between points A and B. The water surface line has already been drawn. Page 2 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR 9. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows igneous rock that has undergone mainly physical weathering into sand and mainly chemical weathering into clay. Compare the particle size of the physically weathered fragments to the particle size of the chemically weathered fragments. Base your answers to questions 10 through 12 on the block diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents a meandering stream. Point A represents a location within the meandering stream. Arrows represent the direction of stream flow. 10. Explain why rock particles transported by the stream often become more rounded. Page 3 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR 11. Describe the relative changes in the stream velocity and the rate of erosion that will occur after 2 days of heavy rainfall. 12. Identify the name of the largest sediment particles that can be transported at point A when the stream's velocity is 100 cm/s. Page 4 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR Base your answers to questions 13 and 14 on the map below and on your knowledge of Earth Science. The map shows the location of Sandy Creek, west of Rochester, New York. X and Y represent points on the banks of the stream. Page 5 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR 13. The symbols representing four sediment particles are shown in the key below. These particles are being transported by Sandy Creek into Lake Ontario. On the cross section below, draw the symbols on the bottom of Lake Ontario to show the relative position where each sediment particle is most likely deposited. 14. Explain why sediments are deposited when Sandy Creek enters Lake Ontario. Page 6 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the data table below, which shows the diameters of three particles, A, B, and C, made of the same uniform material. These particles were carried by a stream into a lake. 15. Explain why the particles are deposited after the stream enters the lake. 16. The cross-sectional diagram below, shows the stream entering the lake. On the diagram, indicate the expected pattern of deposition of the three particles by placing the letters A, B, and C in the appropriate boxes along the lake bottom. Page 7 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR 17. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows a clear plastic tube contain ing water and a beaker containing a mixture of rounded quartz grains of different sizes. When the rounded quartz grains are poured all at once into the tube, the grains will settle to the bottom of the tube. On the cross section provided above, draw the approximate grain sizes and pattern of arrangement of the rounded quartz grains at the bottom of the tube. 18. New York States Adirondacks are classified as a mountain landscape region. Describe one bedrock characteristic and one land surface characteristic that were used to classify the Adirondacks as a mountain landscape region. Page 8 Name:_________________ Class:_________________ Date:__________ Pre-Mid Year Review SAR 19. Base your answer to the following question on the block diagrams below, which show three types of streams with equal volumes. Explain why the outside of the curve of a meandering channel experiences more erosion than the inside of the curve. 20. Base your answer to the following question on the geologic cross section shown below, which shows the surface of a landscape region in the southwestern United States and indicates the age, type, and thickness of the bedrock. Which New York State landscape region has surface bedrock of the same geologic age as the surface bedrock shown in this cross section? Page 9 Earth Science[Pre-Mid Year Short Answer Review[12/22/2014]]- Eduware Classification 6.GROUND WATER (3) 6.C.Constructed Response VI (3) 7.THE EROSIONAL PROCESS (6) 7.C.Constructed Response VII (6) 8.THE DEPOSITIONAL PROCESS (11) 8.E.Constructed Response VIII (11) Total Questions: 20 Exam Question Summary Pre-Mid Year Short Answer Review # QID# Ans Thinking Skills Standards 1 7676 n/a 6.C. 2 7675 n/a 6.C. 3 7674 n/a 6.C. 4 5538 n/a 7.C. 5 5537 n/a 7.C. 6 5536 n/a 7.C. 7 5535 n/a 7.C. 8 5534 n/a 7.C. 9 4819 n/a 7.C. 10 7577 n/a 8.E. 11 7576 n/a 8.E. 12 7575 n/a 8.E. 13 7407 n/a 8.E. 14 7406 n/a 8.E. 15 6200 n/a 8.E. 16 6199 n/a 8.E. 17 5193 n/a 8.E. 18 5208 n/a 8.E. 19 5360 n/a 8.E. 20 5462 n/a 8.E. Page 11 12/22/2014 Answer Key Pre-Mid Year Short Answer Review 1. any value from 0.0008 9. cm to 0.001 cm 2. — Larger particles are deposited in shallow water and smaller particles are carried farther from the shore. — horizontal sorting/biggest to smallest — boulders, pebbles, sand, silt, clay/decreasing order of sizes — The sediment is sorted. — The sediment is arranged in beds or 10. layers/vertically sorted. — Higher-density particles are deposited first. 3. delta or any specific type of delta 4. 11. 12. 5. pebbles or sand 6. - Size: The pebbles become smaller. Shape: The pebbles become rounder. 7. Examples: – a direct relationship – As the stream velocity increases, the stream can carry bigger sediment. 8. – The physically 16. weathered sediments are larger in particle size than the chemically weathered particles. – The sand fragments are larger 17. than clay fragments. – The sand fragments range from 0.006 cm to 0.2 cm in diameter 18. and the clay fragments are less than 0.0004 cm in diameter. – abrasion/friction between the particles, – bouncing and rolling along the stream bottom, – Particle collision breaks off pieces. – Particles are weathered. – Stream velocity: increases, gets faster, becomes greater – Rate of erosion: increases, there is no more erosion 19. Responses include, but are not limited to: Stream velocity is greater on the outside of the meandering channel; Stream flow is slower on the inside of the meandering channel; Water is moving faster on the outside of a meander curve 20. Newark Lowlands – pebbles 13. 14. 15. –Water velocity decreases, causing some sediment to be dropped. –The stream slows down as it enters the lake. Bedrock characteristics: – The Adirondacks have faulted, folded, and deformed bedrock. – The Adirondacks have intensely metamorphosed bedrock. – The oldest bedrock is near the center of the Adirondacks. Land surface characteristics: – The Adirondacks have high elevations. – The Adirondacks have steep slopes. – The Adirondacks are a partially eroded dome. Examples: – The water velocity decreases. Page 12