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Transcript
Name___________________________ Geology Assessment Study Guide Test on ____________________ Part 1: History of the Earth ● How old is the earth? ____________________ ● Why did it take so long for living organisms to thrive on Earth? ● Put these events in order from earliest to most recent: ○ First soft-bodies metazoans ____________________ ○ The dinosaurs were wiped out. ____________________ ○ The first land plants appeared. ____________________ ○ Human beings could be found on Earth. ____________________ ○ Pangaea begins to break apart. ____________________ ○ Earth was bombarded with asteroids. ____________________ ● Was the first life on Earth in oceans or on land? ____________________ ● Were humans and dinosaurs ever around at the same time? ____________________ ● How many ice ages has the Earth had? ____________________ ● What kinds of events mostly took place during the first billion years of Earth’s history: Geologic or Biologic? ____________________ ● How many major extinctions have there been in Earth’s history? ____________________ Part 2: Earth’s Structure ● Be able to describe and locate the following: ○ Lower Mantle __________________________________________________________ ○ Inner Core ____________________________________________________________ ○ Upper Mantle __________________________________________________________ ○ Convection Currents ______________________________________________________ ○ Middle Mantle __________________________________________________________ ○ Continental Crust ________________________________________________________ ○ Outer Core ____________________________________________________________ ○ Oceanic Crust __________________________________________________________ ● Know the difference between the densities of continental crust and oceanic crust. ● Understand what happens when oceanic crust and continental crust collide. ● What force allows tectonic plates to move? Part 3: Plate Tectonics ● Vocabulary: ○ lithosphere ____________________________________________________________ ○ asthenosphere __________________________________________________________ ○ convection current _______________________________________________________ ● Who was the scientist who came up with the continental drift theory? ____________________ ● What is Pangaea? When did it form and break up? ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ● Understand how fossils act as evidence of continental drift. ● Be able to identify the following plate boundaries and give an example of each: ○ transform _____________________________________________________________ ○ divergent _____________________________________________________________ ○ convergent ____________________________________________________________ ● What forms in subduction zones? ● What is the theory of plate tectonics? Part 4: Faults and Folding ● Vocabulary: ○ fault _________________________________________________________________ ○ fold _________________________________________________________________ ○ plateau _______________________________________________________________ ○ tension _______________________________________________________________ ○ shearing ______________________________________________________________ ○ compression ___________________________________________________________ ● Understand the differences in hanging wall and footwall movement in reverse faults and normal faults. ● Understand slab movement at a strike-slip fault. Part 5: Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition ● Vocabulary: ○ weathering ____________________________________________________________ ○ deposition _____________________________________________________________ ○ mechanical weathering ____________________________________________________ ○ chemical weathering ______________________________________________________ ○ water erosion __________________________________________________________ ○ glacial erosion __________________________________________________________ ● What are the effects of weathering on mountains? ● How long does it take for weathering to occur? ________________________________________ ● How long does it take for glacial erosion to take place? ____________________________________ ● What are some ways to prevent erosion? ● Be able to describe the steps of glacial “plucking.” Part 6: Geology of Connecticut ● Vocabulary: ○ watershed _____________________________________________________________ ○ drainage basin __________________________________________________________ ○ tributary ______________________________________________________________ ○ valley ________________________________________________________________ ○ divide ________________________________________________________________ ○ base _________________________________________________________________ ○ source _______________________________________________________________ ○ coastal river ___________________________________________________________ ● Are there faults in CT? ____________________ ● What caused CT’s land to change in the past? ____________________ ____________________ ● What causes CT’s land to change in the present? ____________________ ● What are two factors that cause water to flow downward? ____________________ ____________________ ● How does water erosion affect soft rock vs. hard rocks? ● What are the characteristics of a drainage basin? ● Where is the base of the three major rivers in CT? ____________________ ● What is the base level of all three rivers? ____________________Why? ____________________ _________________________________________________________________________ ● How is the base level of a river determined?
