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IRENE McCORMACK CATHOLIC COLLEGE SCIENCE DEPARTMENT TEACHING & LEARNING PROGRAMME 2017 YEAR 12 INTEGRATED SCIENCE GENERAL COURSE UNIT 3 – LOCAL ECOSYSTEM STUDIES UNIT 4 – VEHICLES AND DRIVERS Week Central Ideas Content Text reference Assessment UNIT 3 – LOCAL ECOSYSTEMS STUDIES 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Characteristics of different ecosystems found in a local community Features of natural, urban, agricultural, aquacultural, freshwater and marine ecosystems Resource: Biozone p.40-49 Abiotic factors of a local ecosystem Impacts of temperature, pH, salinity, light, water and atmospheric gases on the survival of organisms living in that ecosystem Resource: Biozone p.40-49 Abiotic factors and their interaction with biotic factors The sun as the original source of energy for ecosystems Transfer of energy through food webs Resource: Biozone p.52-60 Role of producers, consumers and decomposers in ecosystems Transfer of energy through ecosystems Food chains and food webs differences in geographical and physical conditions result in a wide variety of ecosystems abiotic factors, including temperature, pH, salinity, light, water and atmospheric gases, impact on the survival of organisms within the environment there is interaction between organisms, biological communities and the abiotic environment in which they live the biotic components of an ecosystem transfer and transform energy, originating primarily from the sun, into biomass producers, consumers and decomposers have a role in the transfer of energy in an ecosystem food chains and food webs show the feeding relationships between organisms within a community 1.5 Resource: Biozone p.61-64 Pyramids of numbers and biomass Trophic levels and diminishing energy transfer the amount of energy transferred between trophic levels in food chains and food webs diminishes as the trophic level increases 1.6 Resource: Biozone p.61-64 Competition, predation, symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism and parasitism modes of interactions between species in ecosystems include competition, predation and symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism and parasitism) species interactions affect population densities and are important in determining community structure and composition Resource: Biozone p.65-66 1.7 Population density Factors affecting population density Factors affecting community structure and composition Resource: Biozone p.89-91 Env. Deg. p.7-8, p35-36 Task 1: Science inquiry (practical and investigation) – Measuring and comparing the abiotic factors of two aquatic ecosystems [10%] Env. Deg. p.79-82 Task 2: Science inquiry (investigation) – Analysis of Salinity Trends in Major Southwest Rivers of WA [10%] Env. Deg. p90 Task 3: Test – Earth systems/cycles in nature and structure and function of biological systems [3%] Week 1.8 Central Ideas Biogeochemical cycles as a natural circulation of essential elements The flow of elements from the abiotic to the biotic components of the biosphere and back again Examples of gaseous and sedimentary biogeochemical cycles, including carbon, nitrogen, water and phosphorus Content biotic components interact with abiotic components to facilitate biogeochemical cycling scientific knowledge can enable scientists to offer valid explanations and make reliable predictions Text reference Env. Deg. p17-18 Assessment Resource: Biozone p.72-76, 79-81 1.9 1.10 2.1 2.3 Comparison of biodiversity between endemic and urban ecosystems Comparison of biodiversity between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems Resource: Biozone p.69-71 Urban sprawl and the effects on ecosystems and biodiversity Extinction of flora and fauna in built-up areas Human impact in ecosystems and the effect on biodiversity Resource: Biozone p.82-84, 104, 137,140 2.4 Resource: Biozone p.77-78, 95 2.2 Carrying capacity of an ecological population Factors affecting carrying capacity Natural selection, including: variation, changes in the environment, selection pressures, survival and change in characteristics Behavioural, functional and structural adaptations of endemic flora and fauna Resource: Biozone p.133-134 Behavioural, functional and structural adaptations of invasive species (case study: cane toad) 2.5 YEAR 12 RETREAT changes to abiotic and biotic factors, including climatic events, impact on the carrying capacity of ecosystems scientific knowledge can be used to develop and evaluate projected economic, social and environmental impacts, and to design action for sustainability biodiversity includes the diversity of genetics, species and ecosystems; biodiversity changes naturally over time, and varies due to differences in location Task 4: Extended response (research and validation) – Climatic events impacting on the carrying capacity of a population [10%] human interference is threatening biodiversity through deterioration of ecosystems and diminishing habitat areas the use of scientific knowledge is influenced by social, economic, cultural and ethical considerations the use of scientific knowledge may have beneficial and/or harmful and/or unintended consequences changes in ecosystems affect the survival of organisms within the ecosystem; individual variation assists survival, which over time results in changes in characteristics of the species Env. Deg. p11-12, 4043 variation in the form of suitable characteristics assists survival of individuals environmental changes may lead to selection of advantageous biological characteristics within a species Catch up Env. Deg. p62-66 3 Env. Deg. p46-48 Task 5: Test – Ecosystems, sustainability and species continuity and change [4%] Week Central Ideas 2.6 Content Text reference Task 6: Externally set task [15%] YR11-12 EXAMINATIONS 2.7 Week Central Ideas Assessment Content Text and Problem Sets Assessment UNIT 4 – VEHICLES AND DRIVERS Distance, displacement Speed, Velocity, Acceleration Vectors and Scalars Inertia Momentum Force and Acceleration Primary and Secondary safety features in a vehicle Resultant force Braking Force Energy transformation Efficiency motion of an object is directional and is a vector quantity that can be determined mathematically VD p3-32 the Laws of Motion can assist in predicting the motion of objects VD p92-103 multiple forces can act on objects by direct contact, or from a distance, when the object is in motion VD p92-103 VD p104-128 3.3 Energy degradation 3.4 Chemical Properties Physical Properties 3.5 Chemical change Physical change kinetic, potential and heat energy can cause change within systems that can be measured energy in any system remains constant; it cannot be created or destroyed, just transformed the use of substances is determined by the chemical and/or physical properties of the constituent chemicals rearrangement of reactant components occurs during chemical reactions to form new substances 3.6 Types of chemical reactions VD p153-155 3.7 3.8 Mixtures, emulsions, emulsifiers Separation techniques chemical reactions, including combustion and reactions of acids, involve taking in or giving out energy; different types of reactions are used to produce a variety of products mixtures, including solutions, contain a combination of pure substances that can be separated using a range of techniques 2.8 2.9 2.10 3.1 3.2 3.9 3.10 Task 7: Science Inquiry (Investigation) – Factors affecting the severity of collision [10%] Task 8: Extended Response (Research & Validation) – Energy Changes in Vehicles [10%] VD p104-128 VD p142-146 Task 9: Test – Motion, Forces and Energy [4%] VD p147-152 Task 10: Extended Response (Research and Validation) – Materials used in the manufacture of safety design features in vehicles [10%] VD p156-157 Task 11: Science Inquiry (Practical) – Chemical Reactions [10%] Task 12: Test – Chemical Reactions, Mixtures and Solutions [4%] RESERVE 4